. 2022 Mar 4;9:813800. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.813800

Table 3.

Effects of coated sodium butyrate (CSB) and polysaccharides from Cordyceps cicadae (CCP) on the villi height (μm), Crypt depth (μm) and VH/CD of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of squabs.

Items	Groups
	Control	CSB-275	CSB-550	CSB-1100	CCP-27.5	CCP-55	CCP-110
Duodenum
Villi height	988.18 ± 72.86	1059.97 ± 55.41	1006.53 ± 76.52	941.58 ± 58.32	1055.99 ± 79.07	1139.23 ± 57.03	97.97 ± 89.52
Crypt depth	155.72 ± 19.08	136.00 ± 10.91	134.66 ± 9.72	146.03 ± 12.25	147.66 ± 23.58	151.58 ± 14.29	139.79 ± 9.48
VH/CD	6.44 ± 0.93^b	7.84 ± 0.72^a	7.51 ± 0.79^a	6.48 ± 0.58^ab	7.30 ± 0.98^ab	7.60 ± 0.91^a	6.74 ± 0.73^ab
Jejunum
Villi height	264.94 ± 55.63^b	380.54 ± 45.31^a	335.85 ± 91.72^a	367.43 ± 90.38^a	313.45 ± 90.52^a	332.20 ± 64.98^a	417.87 ± 78.74^a
Crypt depth	108.67 ± 14.33^a	105.30 ± 14.17^ab	89.09 ± 21.37^ab	70.80 ± 7.66^b	86.15 ± 21.68^ab	75.87 ± 18.94^ab	97.08 ± 27.53^ab
VH/CD	2.44 ± 0.47^b	3.64 ± 0.35^ab	3.79 ± 0.73^a	5.14 ± 0.91^a	3.67 ± 0.94^ab	4.45 ± 0.53^a	4.50 ± 0.84^a
Ileum
Villi height	148.15 ± 36.96^b	261.65 ± 45.43^a	240.03 ± 62.57^a	228.09 ± 43.08^ab	215.42 ± 63.46^ab	205.88 ± 16.17^ab	295.92 ± 44.18^a
Crypt depth	71.29 ± 6.74	70.34 ± 7.39	79.55 ± 10.01	68.60 ± 5.08	84.46 ± 8.58	79.60 ± 9.86	64.12 ± 10.00
VH/CD	2.08 ± 0.45^b	3.77 ± 0.84^ab	2.99 ± 0.58^ab	3.37 ± 0.78^ab	2.53 ± 0.57^ab	2.64 ± 0.48^ab	4.68 ± 0.80^a

In the same row, values with no letter or the same small letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P > 0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P < 0.05).

CSB, coated sodium butyrate; CCP, polysaccharides from Cordyceps cicadae; VH/CD, villi height/crypt depth.