Table 2.
Study population comorbidities that increase the risk of stroke and bleeding by antithrombotic medication category
| Total n (%) |
Any AT n (%) |
AC only n (%) |
AP only n (%) |
AC and AP n (%) |
No AT n (%) |
|
| CHA2DS2-VASc score components | ||||||
| Vascular disease | 169 797 (17.5) | 159 892 (18.7) | 103 946 (14.4) | 23 815 (33.8) | 32 131 (50.9) | 9905 (8.5) |
| Stroke/TIA/thromboembolism | 196 899 (20.2) | 183 140 (21.4) | 150 588 (20.8) | 16 611 (23.6) | 15 941 (25.3) | 13 759 (11.8) |
| Congestive heart failure | 247 562 (25.4) | 228 877 (26.7) | 192 023 (26.6) | 15 038 (21.3) | 21 816 (34.6) | 18 685 (16) |
| Diabetes | 268 437 (27.6) | 242 060 (28.3) | 197 216 (27.3) | 21 602 (30.6) | 23 242 (36.8) | 26 377 (22.6) |
| Hypertension | 675 676 (69.4) | 600 623 (70.1) | 505 514 (69.9) | 49 678 (70.5) | 45 431 (72) | 75 053 (64.3) |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score, mean (±SD) | 3.9 (±1.4) | 4 (±1.4) | 3.9 (±1.4) | 4.1 (±1.5) | 4.4 (±1.5) | 3.4 (±1.3) |
| 2 | 172 172 (17.7) | 138 750 (16.2) | 120 969 (16.7) | 10 912 (15.5) | 6869 (10.9) | 33 422 (28.7) |
| 3 | 245 979 (25.3) | 213 057 (24.9) | 184 241 (25.5) | 16 289 (23.1) | 12 527 (19.9) | 32 922 (28.2) |
| 4 | 252 047 (25.9) | 224 255 (26.2) | 190 707 (26.4) | 17 875 (25.4) | 15 673 (24.8) | 27 792 (23.8) |
| 5 | 162 318 (16.7) | 149 105 (17.4) | 122 356 (16.9) | 12 995 (18.4) | 13 754 (21.8) | 13 213 (11.3) |
| ≥6 | 140 455 (14.4) | 131 169 (15.3) | 104 464 (14.5) | 12 427 (17.6) | 14 278 (22.6) | 9286 (8) |
| HAS-BLED score components | ||||||
| Renal disease | 315 940 (32.5) | 284 379 (33.2) | 237 965 (32.9) | 24 423 (34.6) | 21 991 (34.9) | 31 561 (27.1) |
| Liver disease | 8462 (0.9) | 6707 (0.8) | 5440 (0.8) | 788 (1.1) | 479 (0.8) | 1755 (1.5) |
| Stroke | 196 493 (20.2) | 182 756 (21.3) | 150 232 (20.8) | 16 606 (23.6) | 15 918 (25.2) | 13 737 (11.8) |
| Major bleeding event | 335 289 (34.5) | 293 096 (34.2) | 240 703 (33.3) | 27 431 (38.9) | 24 962 (39.6) | 42 193 (36.2) |
| Harmful alcohol use | 28 970 (3) | 25 572 (3) | 21 162 (2.9) | 2274 (3.2) | 2136 (3.4) | 3398 (2.9) |
| Uncontrolled hypertension | 66 576 (6.8) | 58 873 (6.9) | 48 444 (6.7) | 5395 (7.7) | 5034 (8) | 7703 (6.6) |
| History of fall | 119 738 (12.3) | 103 615 (12.1) | 85 718 (11.9) | 10 717 (15.2) | 7180 (11.4) | 16 123 (13.8) |
| BMI, mean (±SD) | 28.7 (±6) | 28.8 (±6) | 28.8 (±6.1) | 28.1 (±5.6) | 29 (±5.8) | 27.9 (±5.9) |
| Smoking status (ever smoker) | 638 775 (65.7) | 566 860 (66.2) | 472 208 (65.3) | 48 567 (68.9) | 46 085 (73) | 71 915 (61.7) |
Percentages should be interpreted vertically for all variables, for example, proportion within category for variable.
HAS-BLED score component bleeding medications excluded as it is measured within exposures and labile international normalized ratio excluded as it could not be accurately extracted from data sets.
AC, anticoagulants; AP, antiplatelets; AT, antithrombotics; BMI, body mass index; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.