TABLE 3: Clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics among presumed DR-TB at triage according to the intervention arm.
| Intervention Arm | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arm 1 | Arm 2 | |||||||
| MGIT | Xpert | MGIT | LPA | |||||
| Variable | N (%) | N (%) | OR* (95% CI) | P-value | N (%) | N (%) | OR* (95% CI) | P-value |
| Contact with Pulmonary TB | ||||||||
| Yes | 18 (52.9) | 7 (50.0) | 1.12 (0.32-3.90) | 18 (40.0) | 16 (59.3) | 0.45 (0.17-1.21) | p=0.11 | |
| No | 16 (47.1) | 7 (50.0) | 1.0 | p=1.00 | 27 (60.0) | 11 (40.7) | 1.0 | |
| Not reported | 10 | 6 | - | 12 | 13 | |||
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| Yes | 24 (57.1) | 11 (57.9) | 0.97 (0.32-2.90) | p=0.95 | 27 (47.4) | 29 (72.5) | 0.34 (0.14-0.81) | p=0.01 |
| No | 18 (42.9) | 8 (42.1) | 1.0 | 30 (52.6) | 11 (27.5) | 1.0 | ||
| Not reported | 2 | 1 | ||||||
| TB in the past | ||||||||
| Yes | 32 (74.4) | 15 (83.3) | 0.58 (0.14-2.39) | p=0.52 | 44 (78.6) | 28 (70.0) | 1.57 (0.62-3.98) | p=0.33 |
| No | 11 (25.6) | 3 (16.7) | 1.0 | 12 (21.4) | 12 (30.0) | 1.0 | ||
| Not reported | 1 | 2 | - | 1 | ||||
| Number of previousTB treatments | ||||||||
| ≥3 | 11 (34.4) | 4 (26.7) | 1-44 (0.37-5.59) | p=0.74 | 7 (15.9) | 7 (25.0) | 0.56 (0.17-1.84) | p=0.34 |
| <3 | 21 (65.6) | 11 (73.3) | 1-0 | 37 (84.1) | 21 (75.0) | 1.0 | ||
| Not applicable | 12 | 5 | ||||||
| Treatment outcome in the last TB episode | ||||||||
| Cure | 8 (25.8) | 2 (13.3) | 0.44 (0.08-2.40) | p=0.57 | 15 (33.3) | 9 (32.1) | 0.94 (0.34-2.59) | p=0.91 |
| Failure | 23 (74.2) | 13 (86.7) | 1.0 | 30 (66.7) | 19 (67.9) | 1.0 | ||
| Not applicable | 1 | 5 | ||||||
| Not reported | 12 | 0 | ||||||
| Weight loss | ||||||||
| Yes | 21 (47.7) | 15 (75.0) | 4.10 (1.17-14.36) | p=0.02 | 42 (73.7) | 35 (87.5) | 2.33 (0.76-7.11) | p=0.12 |
| No | 23 (52.3) | 4 (25.0) | 1.0 | 14 (24.6) | 5 (12.5) | 1.0 | ||
| Not reported | 1 | 1 | - | |||||
| Expectorated cough | ||||||||
| Yes | 40 (90.9) | 18 (90.0) | 1.11 (0.18-6.63) | 48 (84.2) | 34 (85.0) | 0.94 (0.30-2.89) | p=0.91 | |
| No | 4 (9.1) | 2 (20.0) | 1.0 | p=1.00 | 9 (15.8) | 6 (15.0) | 1.0 | |
| Not reported | - | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Hemoptysis | ||||||||
| Yes | 10 (22.7) | 6 (30.0) | 0.68 (0.20-2.25) | p=0.54 | 19 (33.3) | 14 (35.0) | 0.92 (0.39-2.17) | p=0.86 |
| No | 34 (77.3) | 14 (70.0) | 1.0 | 38 (66.7) | 26 (65.0) | 1.0 | ||
| Not reported | - | |||||||
| Sweating | ||||||||
| Yes | 23 (54.7) | 14 (70.0) | 1.92 (0.62-5.98) | p=0.25 | 39 (68.4) | 29 (72.5) | 1.0 | |
| No | 19 (45.3) | 6 (30.0) | 1.0 | 18 (31.6) | 9 (22.5) | 1.48 (0.58-3.78) | p=0.40 | |
| Not reported | 2 | 0 | - | 2 (5.0) | - | p=0.38 | ||
| Fever | ||||||||
| Yes | 26 (60.4) | 15 (75.0) | 1.92 (0.62-5.98) | p=0.26 | 38 (66.7) | 27 (67.5) | 1.0 | |
| No | 17 (39.6) | 5 (25.0) | 1.0 | 18 (31.6) | 12 (30.0) | 1.06 (0.44-2.85) | p=0.88 | |
| Not reported | 1 | 1 (1.8) | 1 (2.5) | 0.71 (0.04-11.8) | p=1.00 | |||
| Appetite loss | ||||||||
| Yes | 25 (58.1) | 15 (75.0) | 2.16 (0.66-7.02) | p=0.19 | 42 (73.7) | 27 (67.5) | 1.34 (0.55-3.27) | p=0.50 |
| No | 18 (41.9) | 5 (25.0) | 1.0 | 15 (26.3) | 13 (32.5) | 1.0 | ||
| Not reported | 1 | - | ||||||
| Dyspnea | ||||||||
| Yes | 14 (42.4) | 3 (15.0) | 0.36 (0.09-1.45) | p=0.14 | 44 (77.2) | 21 (52.5) | 0.34 (0.14-0.83) | p=0.01 |
| No | 29 (57.6) | 17 (85.0) | 1.0 | 13 (22.8) | 18 (45.0) | 1.0 | p=0.66 | |
| Not reported | 1 | - | - | 1 (2.5) | - | |||
| Anti-HIV testing performed? | ||||||||
| Yes | 34 (82.9) | 16 (84.2) | 0.91 (0.20-3.99) | p=1.00 | 53 (94.6) | 30 (75.0) | 5.8 (1.5-23.07) | p=0.006 |
| No | 7 (17.1) | 3 (15.8) | 1.0 | 3 (5.4) | 10 (25.0) | 1.0 | ||
| Not reported | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| HIV testing result | ||||||||
| Positive | 3 (9.1) | 3 (18.8) | 0.43 (0.07-2.43) | p=0.37 | 10 (18.9) | 6 (20.7) | 0.89 (0.28-2.76) | p=0.84 |
| Negative | 30 (90.0) | 13 (81.3) | 1.0 | 43 (81.1) | 23 (79.3) | 1.0 | ||
| Not reported | 11 | 4 | - | 4 | 1 | |||
| Smearmicroscopy | ||||||||
| Positive | 37 (84.1) | 18 (90.0) | 0.58 (0.11-3.11) | p=0.70 | 47 (83.9) | 35 (87.5) | 0.74 (0.23-2.42) | p=0.62 |
| Negative | 7 (15.9) | 2 (20.0) | 1.0 | 9 (16.1) | 5 (12.5) | 1.0 | ||
| Not reported | 1 | |||||||
| Cavity | ||||||||
| Yes | 33 (75.0) | 19 (95.0) | 0.15 (0.01-1.32) | 46 (80.7) | 36 (90.0) | 0.46 (0.13-1.58) | p=0.21 | |
| No | 11 (25.0) | 1 (5.0) | 1.0 | p=0.08 | 11 (19.3) | 4 (10.0) | 1.0 | |
| Chest X-ray images | ||||||||
| Typical | 40 (90.9) | 19 (95.0) | 0.52 (0.05-5.03) | p=1.00 | 49 (86.0) | 38 (95.0) | 2.38 (0.45-12.49) | p=0.50 |
| Compatible | 4 (9.1) | 1 (5.0) | 1.0 | 6 (10.5) | 2 (5.0) | 1.0 | ||
| Atypical | 0 | 0 | - | 2 (3.5) | 0 | - | p=0.63 | |
Legend: OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; MGIT: BactecTMMGITTM 960 system; Xpert: Xpert®MTB/RIF; LPA: line probe assay.