Troughton 2000.

Study characteristics
Methods	Randomised controlled trial
Participants	75 hypoglycaemic (< 2.5 mmol/L) infants ≥ 36 weeks' gestation admitted to the newborn intensive care unit. Setting: Ireland Timing: not reported
Interventions	Hypostop (40% dextrose, 1 mL/kg) massaged into the buccal membrane plus a feed (n = 39) vs  Feeding alone (n = 36)
Outcomes	Primary outcome Change in blood glucose concentration 15 and 30 minutes after treatment Secondary outcomes Subsequent requirement for intravenous dextrose Volume taken at the next feed following randomisation in bottle‐fed infants
Notes	Blood glucose analysed using the Hemocue point‐of‐care analyser. Funding sources not stated and trial registration not found. Study only available as an abstract.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not described.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not described.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	There is some evidence of possible attrition bias because 26% of 36 infants in the control arm does not make up a whole number.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Neither the protocol nor trial registration were available to assess for reporting bias. No information available regarding baseline characteristics, risk factors for hypoglycaemia or differential diagnoses.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Baseline characteristics not reported.

ABC: Assessment Battery for Children; BRIEF‐P: Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Preschool Version; CBCL: Child Behaviour Checklist; IQ: intelligence quotient; NICU: neonatal intensive care unit; SD: standard deviation; SDQ: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; vs: versus; WPPSI‐3: Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Third Edition