Table 1.
The distribution of demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics among participants by gender
| Male | Female | Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Prediabetes | Non-diabetic | P | Prediabetes | Non-diabetic | P | Prediabetes | Non-diabetic | P |
| History of CI (Yes) | 102 (13.7) | 192 (8) | < 0.001 | 174 (14.3) | 384 (11.7) | 0.022 | 276 (14.1) | 576 (10.2) | < 0.001 |
| History of MI (Yes) | 17 (2.3) | 36 (1.5) | 0.152 | 13 (1.1) | 28 (0.9) | 0.484 | 30 (1.5) | 64 (1.1) | 0.166 |
| History of Stroke (Yes) | 11 (1.5) | 28 (1.2) | 0.512 | 15 (1.2) | 21 (0.6) | 0.059 | 26 (1.3) | 49 (0.9) | 0.084 |
| Hypertension (Yes) | 209 (28) | 380 (15.9) | < 0.001 | 384 (31.6) | 653 (22) | < 0.001 | 593 (30.2) | 1033 (18.2) | < 0.001 |
| Using mobile (Yes) | 706 (94.5) | 2271 (94.8) | 0.772 | 794 (65.4) | 2123 (64.9) | 0.751 | 1500 (76.5) | 4394 (77.5) | 0.349 |
| Smoking cigarette (Yes) | 288 (38.6) | 979 (40.9) | 0.262 | 105 (8.6) | 218 (6.7) | 0.027 | 393 (20) | 1197 (21.1) | 0.318 |
| Alcohol drinker (Yes) | 34 (4.6) | 122 (5.1) | 0.553 | 3 (0.2) | 3 (0.1) | 0.354 | 37 (1.9) | 125 (2.2) | 0.467 |
| Drug abuse (Yes) | 36 (4.8) | 133 (5.6) | 0.439 | 0 | 4 (0.1) | 0.58 | 36 (1.8) | 137 (2.4) | 0.159 |
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Single | 8 (1.1) | 28 (1.2) | 0.418 | 64 (5.3) | 195 (6) | < 0.001 | 72 (3.7) | 223 (3.9) | < 0.001 |
| Married | 736 (98.5) | 2344 (97.8) | 939 (77.3) | 2711 (82.9) | 1675 (85.4) | 5055 (89.2) | |||
| Widow | 2 (0.3) | 10 (0.4) | 172 (14.2) | 286 (8.7) | 174 (8.9) | 296 (5.2) | |||
| Divorced | 1 (0.1) | 14 (0.6) | 39 (3.2) | 80 (2.4) | 40 (2) | 94 (1.7) | |||
| Wealth Score | |||||||||
| Poorest | 108 (14.5) | 412 (17.2) | 0.149 | 275 (22.7) | 749 (22.9) | 0.065 | 383 (19.5) | 1161 (20.5) | 0.203 |
| Poor | 138 (18.5) | 443 (18.5) | 241 (19.9) | 764 (23.3) | 379 (19.3) | 1207 (21.3) | |||
| Moderate | 143 (19.1) | 502 (21) | 258 (21.3) | 602 (18.4) | 401 (20.4) | 1104 (19.5) | |||
| Rich | 182 (24.4) | 504 (21) | 234 (19.3) | 610 (18.6) | 416 (21.2) | 1114 (19.7) | |||
| Richest | 176 (23.6) | 535 (22.3) | 206 (17) | 547 (16.7) | 382 (19.5) | 1082 (19.1) | |||
| Triglyceride < 150 mg/dl | 349 (46.7) | 1255 (52.4) | 0.007 | 687 (56.6) | 2276 (69.6) | < 0.001 | 1036 (52.8) | 3531 (62.3) | < 0.001 |
| Abnormal HDL-C* | 198 (26.5) | 669 (27.8) | 0.511 | 705 (58.1) | 1926 (59.5) | 0.396 | 707 (36.1) | 1992 (35.1) | 0.468 |
| Cholesterol < 200 mg/dl | 452 (60.5) | 1628 (67.9) | < 0.001 | 699 (57.6) | 2207 (67.5) | < 0.001 | 1151 (58.7) | 3835 (67.7) | < 0.001 |
| SBP < 140 mmHg | 677 (90.6) | 2240 (93.5) | < 0.001 | 1105 (91) | 3111 (95.1) | < 0.001 | 1763 (89.9) | 5359 (94.5) | < 0.001 |
| DBP < 90 mmHg | 658 (88.1) | 2248 (93.8) | 0.009 | 1132 (93.2) | 3135 (95.8) | < 0.001 | 1809 (92.2) | 5375 (94.8) | < 0.001 |
CI Cardiac Ischemic, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure HDL-C High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, MI Myocardial infarction, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure
*For male < 40 mg/dl, for women < 50 mg/dl
Data presented by frequency (number (%)). P-value < 0.05 was considered significant