Skip to main content
. 2022 Mar 19;23(6):2613–2634. doi: 10.1007/s10902-022-00513-6

Table 2.

Participants demographic information

All Nostalgia n = 40 Gratitude n = 36 BPS n = 37 Control n = 37 F X2 P
Age (range 18 – 82 years old) M(SD) =  26.29 12.25 27.25 14.77 25.59 11.26 25.33 11.18 27.00 11.75 0.19 .903
Gender 14.35 .110
Woman n(%) =  115 76.7 28 70.0 25 69.4 29 78.4 33 89.2
Man n(%) =  33 22.0 12 30.0 11 30.6 8 21.6 2 6.1
Non-Binary n(%) =  1 0.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2.7
Other n(%) =  1 0.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2.7
Ethnicity 9.56 .847
Asian n(%) =  14 9.3 4 10.0 4 11.1 5 13.5 1 2.7
Black n(%) =  6 4.0 2 5.0 2 5.6 2 5.4 0 0.0
Latina n(%) =  1 0.7 1 2.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Mixed n(%) =  8 5.3 2 5.0 1 2.8 2 5.4 3 8.1
White n(%) =  115 76.7 2 5.0 2 5.6 1 2.7 1 2.7
Other n(%) =  6 4.0 29 72.5 27 75.0 27 73.0 32 86.5
Relationship status 15.92 .069
Single n(%) =  76 50.7 22 55.0 21 58.3 16 43.2 17 45.9
Dating one or more people n(%) =  9 6.0 0 0.0 3 8.3 5 13.5 0 0.0
In a committed relationship n(%) =  39 26.0 12 30.0 7 19.4 8 21.6 12 32.4
Engaged/married n(%) =  26 17.3 6 15.0 5 13.9 8 21.6 8 21.6
Confirmed case of COVID-19? 3.85 .279
Yes n(%) =  7 4.7 3 7.7 0 0.0 1 2.7 3 8.1
No n(%) =  142 94.7 36 92.3 36 100.0 36 97.3 34 91.9
Number of people living with (range 0 – 55) M(SD) =  3.58 4.95 3.33 2.46 4.47 9.05 3.22 2.52 3.33 2.61 0.54 .648
Number of times outside in last two week 13.29 .150
Not at all n(%) =  14 9.3 1 2.5 3 8.3 4 10.8 6 16.2
Several times a week n(%) =  83 55.3 19 47.5 18 50.0 26 70.3 20 54.1
Once a day n(%) =  31 20.7 13 32.5 9 25.0 4 10.8 5 13.5
More than once a day n(%) =  22 4.7 7 17.5 6 16.7 3 8.1 6 16.2
Number of Times Outside in Last Two Week for Work 12.70 .177
Not at all n(%) =  84 56.0 17 42.5 23 63.9 21 56.8 23 62.2
Several times a week n(%) =  52 34.7 15 37.5 11 30.6 13 35.1 13 35.1
Once a day n(%) =  9 6.0 4 10.0 1 2.8 3 8.1 1 2.7
More than once a day n(%) =  5 3.3 4 10.0 1 2.8 0 0.0 0 0.0
Number of Times Outside in Last Two Week for Exercise 16.92 .050*
Not at all n(%) =  56 37.3 14 35.0 12 33.3 12 32.4 18 48.6
Several times a week n(%) =  65 43.3 19 47.5 14 38.9 23 62.2 9 24.3
Once a day n(%) =  23 15.3 5 12.5 8 22.2 2 5.4 8 21.6
More than once a day n(%) =  6 4.0 2 5.0 2 5.6 0 0.0 2 5.4
Amount of In Person or Virtual Social Interaction 6.90 .648
Not at all n(%) =  14 9.3 4 10.0 2 5.6 5 13.5 3 8.3
Several times a week n(%) =  95 63.3 20 50.0 26 72.2 24 64.9 25 69.4
Once a day n(%) =  18 12.0 7 17.5 4 11.1 4 10.8 3 8.3
More than once a day n(%) =  22 14.7 9 22.5 4 11.1 4 10.8 5 13.9
Self-Care behaviours (range 1.87 – 5.00) M(SD) =  3.22 0.52 3.26 0.65 3.08 0.39 3.28 0.54 3.26 0.45 2.75 .046*