Table 4.
Well-being and fear of COVID over time by intervention (Means, SDs)
| Nostalgia (1) n = 40 | Gratitude (2) n = 36 | BPS (3) n = 37 | Control (4) n = 37 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | |
| Social Connectedness | 4.77 (0.81) | 4.46 (1.18) | 4.54 (1.10) | 4.63 (0.99) | 4.86 (1.01) | 4.83 (0.98) | 4.60 (1.00) | 4.68 (1.09) | 4.93 (0.81) | 4.89 (0.87) | 4.75 (1.20) | 4.88 (1.04) | 4.50 (1.00) | 4.68 (0.99) | 4.66 (1.03) | 4.68 (0.89) |
| Self-Esteem | 4.30 (1.21) | 4.15 (1.20) | 4.31 (1.22) | 4.25 (1.33) | 4.24 (1.29) | 4.22 (1.28) | 4.31 (1.17) | 4.38 (1.10) | 4.43 (0.91) | 4.53 (0.81) | 4.51 (1.04) | 4.49 (0.93) | 3.83 (1.33) | 4.03 (1.31) | 4.14 (1.21) | 4.14 (1.24) |
| Optimism | 4.34 (1.12) | 4.25 (1.27) | 4.36 (1.17) | 4.19 (1.29) | 4.35 (1.11) | 4.24 (1.19) | 4.17 (1.26) | 4.29 (1.14) | 4.68 (0.83) | 4.70 (0.74) | 4.57 (1.16) | 4.60 (0.98) | 4.11 (1.02) | 4.14 (1.15) | 4.26 (1.04) | 4.18 (0.98) |
| Meaning | 4.91 (1.01) | 4.71 (1.08) | 4.81 (1.15) | 4.75 (1.18) | 4.71 (1.10) | 4.58 (1.18) | 4.56 (1.27) | 4.56 (1.22) | 4.88 (0.78) | 4.80 (0.80) | 4.51 (1.16) | 4.68 (0.89) | 4.43 (1.14) | 4.61 (1.22) | 4.61 (1.05) | 4.33 (1.20) |
| Happiness | 4.35 (1.28) | 4.47 (1.29) | 4.53 (1.20) | 4.61 (1.29) | 4.45 (1.29) | 4.35 (1.29) | 4.38 (1.30) | 4.22 (1.31) | 4.49 (1.27) | 4.59 (1.26) | 4.57 (1.19) | 4.63 (1.20) | 4.26 (1.36) | 4.39 (1.26) | 4.57 (1.09) | 4.31 (1.33) |
| Fear of COVID-19 | 1.92 (0.76) | 1.87 (0.76) | 1.76 (0.72) | 1.71 (0.78) | 2.07 (0.65) | 2.02 (0.81) | 1.83 (0.90) | 1.83 (0.90) | 2.34 (0.78) | 2.02 (0.83) | 1.98 (0.86) | 1.86 (0.81) | 2.49 (0.96) | 2.40 (0.94) | 2.36 (1.08) | 2.30 (1.04) |