Table 2.
Levels of some biochemical parameters as mean±SE for case groups as diabetic (kidney, retinopathy, and neuropathy) compared to healthy subjects
| Parameters | Healthy subjects (n=40) mean±SE | Diabetic kidney (n=26) mean±SE | Diabetic retinopathy (n=26) mean±SE | Diabetic neuropathy (n=28) mean±SE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TP (gm/dl) | 7.082±0.5315a | 4.040±0.2978b | 4.533±0.3809c | 4.203± 0.638d |
| Globulin (gm/dl) | 2.778±0.5834a | 2.037± 0.4362b | 1.776±0.499c | 1.955±0.274d |
| Albumin (gm/dl) | 6.184±8.675a | 2.209±0.2975b | 2.409±0.465c | 2.118±0.240d |
| AGR | 2.138±3.002a | 1.247±0.493b | 1.442±0.366c | 1.120±0.275d |
| Thiol (µmol/L) | 18.52±2.96a | 33.43±8.01b | 38.16±12.82c | 27.20±6.66d |
| Thiol/TP (µmol/gm) | 26.17±4.34a | 83.18±20.94b | 92.56±38.22c | 74.25±22.51d |
| Free amine (mmol/L) | 34.62±10.82a | 68.77±19.11b | 54.00 ±16.34c | 44.81±10.56d |
| Free amine/TP (mmol/gm) | 49.52±17.54a | 171.9±48.54b | 128.3±38.10c | 109.8±25.31d |
| Carbonyl (nmol/ml) | 80.36±9.589a | 81.58±5.501a | 80.16±8.644a | 75.68 ±13.52a |
| Carbonyl/TP (nmol/gm) | 0.114±0.016a | 0.1990±0.022b | 0.1981±0.025c | 0.1856±0.037d |
a,b,c,d
Different letters are referred to as significant differences, while similar letters denote non-significant differences between the compared groups (P≤0.05 significant; P≥0.05 non-significant); AGR: Albumin/Globulin ratio