Figure 3.

Peripheral LPS challenge up-regulates neurotoxic kynurenine metabolism in BDNF deficient mice. Plasma and whole brain tissues collected 24h after saline or LPS injections and were used to analyze kynurenine pathway metabolites in response to peripheral immune stimulation. Panels represent concentrations (μM) of (A) plasma kynurenine, (B) brain kynurenine, (C) brain 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK), (D) brain xanthurenic acid (XA) and (E) brain quinolinic acid (QA). Data represent sample means ± SEM and were analyzed using a two-ANOVA followed by the Holm-Sidak method for pairwise multiple comparisons. n = 5–8 samples/group.

* = main effect (treatment or genotype)

# = post-hoc comparison between saline and LPS within the same genotype (BDNF^+/+ or BDNF^+/−)

⁺ = post-hoc comparison between BDNF^+/+ and BDNF^+/− with the same treatment (saline or LPS)

*,^+,# p<0.05–0.01 **,⁺⁺,## p<0.01–0.001 ***,⁺⁺⁺,###p<0.001