Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants.
| Characteristics | Total cohort | Current use | Non-use | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total No. | 2,140 | 587 (27.4) | 1,553 (72.6) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 1,407 (65.7) | 368 (62.7) | 1,039 (66.9) | 0.067 |
| Female | 733 (34.3) | 219 (37.3) | 514 (33.1) | |
| Age, x ± SD | 61.8 ± 11.7 | 62.4 ± 11.1 | 61.5 ± 11.9 | 0.152 |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 934 (43.6) | 286 (48.7) | 648 (41.7) | 0.012* |
| Rural | 1,183 (55.3) | 294 (50.1) | 889 (57.2) | |
| Unknown | 23 (1.1) | 7 (1.2) | 16 (1.0) | |
| Smoking | 636 (29.7) | 167 (28.4) | 469 (30.2) | 0.4 |
| Alcohol use | 520 (24.3) | 147 (25.0) | 373 (24.0) | 0.622 |
| Pre-ICH Medical History | ||||
| Ischemic heart disease | 96 (4.5) | 32 (5.5) | 64 (4.1) | 0.185 |
| Diabetes | 241 (11.3) | 73 (12.4) | 168 (10.8) | 0.291 |
| Ischemic stroke | 256 (12.0) | 96 (16.4) | 160 (10.3) | <0.001* |
| Hyperlipidemia | 77 (3.6) | 26 (4.4) | 51 (3.3) | 0.204 |
| Hematologic disorders | 7 (0.3) | 3 (0.5) | 4 (0.3) | 0.401 |
| Thyroid disease | 17 (0.8) | 5 (0.9) | 12 (0.8) | 0.791 |
| Neoplastic disease | 29 (1.4) | 11 (1.9) | 18 (1.2) | 0.202 |
| Duration from onset to enrollment | ||||
| ≤ 6 h | 1,253 (58.6) | 353 (60.1) | 900 (58.0) | 0.499 |
| 7–24 h | 546 (25.5) | 144 (24.5) | 402 (25.9) | |
| 25–72 h | 236 (11) | 67 (11.4) | 169 (10.9) | |
| 4–7 days | 105 (4.9) | 23 (3.9) | 82 (5.3) | |
| Admission SBP (mmHg) | 168 (151–188) | 167 (150–181) | 170 (152–190) | 0.008* |
| Admission DBP (mmHg) | 97 (87–109) | 96 (86–106) | 98 (88–110) | 0.017* |
| Admission NIHSS | 9 (4–15) | 9 (3–15) | 9 (4–16) | 0.551 |
| Admission GCS | 14 (11–15) | 14 (12–15) | 14 (10–15) | 0.106 |
| Hematoma volumeb | 10.1 (5–23.2) | 9.8 (4–20) | 11 (5–24.4) | 0.006* |
| Location of hematoma | ||||
| Supratentorial | 1,757 (82.1) | 478 (81.4) | 1,279 (82.4) | 0.417 |
| Infratentorial | 274 (12.8) | 81 (13.8) | 193 (12.4) | |
| IVH | 328 (15.3) | 96 (16.4) | 232 (14.9) | 0.417 |
*
p < 0.05.
a
Excluding patients with IVH.
DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; NO., number; SBP, systolic blood pressure.