Fig. 9.

Confocal microscopy Z-stacking images of stained hMSC cells with micropillars in gray, F-actin in red, vinculin in green, and nuclei in blue. Here, “2D” means cells on a flat PDMS surface, “3D” means cells in a Matrigel, “quasi-3D”means cells in microwells surrounded by PDMS micropillars, where “S”, “M”, and “L” indicate small, middle and large microwells. Cells were cultured in 2D and quasi-3D for 4 h, and in 3D for 24 h. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)