Table 7.

Types of pulp and their uses

Type	Variant	Description	End-use	References
Mechanical pulp	Stone Ground wood Pulp	Mechanical grinding of the wood into short fibers	Used in the newsprint and wood containing paper, such as lightweight coated Papers	Devendra singh et al. (2017)
	Thermo- mechanical Pulp (TMP)	The wood particles are softened by the steam before entering the pressurized refiner	Mainly used in the super calenderer papers
Semi-chemical pulp	Semi-Chemical Pulp	Produced in the same way as of TMP, but the wooden particles are made to undergo the chemical treatment before entering the refiner	Used in the tissue manufacture. Some CTMP is also used for writing and printing Grades	Omid Ashrif et al. (2018)
Chemical pulp	Sulphite Pulp	Produced by cooking wood chips in the pressure vessel in the presence of bisulphate liquor	Varies from newsprint, printing and writing Papers	Cadet et al. (2016)
	Sulphate/Kraft	Pulp is produced by cooking the chips in the pressure vessel in the presence of sodium hydroxide liquor	Pulp used for the graphic designing papers tissues and carton boards