Table 2.
Overall evaluation of the face validity of gaming disorder (GD) screening tools (n = 29)
| Face validity issues | A-EQ | AICA-Sgaming | BAM-VG | C-VAT2.0 | CSAS | DIA | GAIT | GAIA | GAS-7 | GAS-21 | IGD-20 | IGDS9-SF | IGDT-10 | IGUESS | Lemmens IGD-9 | Lemmens IGD-27 | Petry IGD | PIE-9 | POGU | POGQ | POGQ-SF | PVP | SCI-IGD | sIATgaming | VASC | VAT | CIUS-14 | YIAT | YDQ | Total |
| Scope | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4 | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | - | 2 | – | 8 |
| Language | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | 2 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9 |
| Overpathologizing | 1 | – | – | – | 3 | – | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 3 | – | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | – | – | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | – | 1 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 3 | – | 56 |
| Other | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | - | – | – | - | 1 | 1 | – | – | 5 |
| Total issues | 3 | 2 | – | – | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | – | – | 10 | 4 | 3 | 1 | – | 1 | 12 | 3 | 3 | 5 | – | 76 |
| Total items affected | 2 | 2 | – | – | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | – | – | 8 | 4 | 3 | 1 | – | 1 | 11 | 3 | 3 | 5 | – | 71 |
| Proportion of test* (%) | 16 | 13 | – | – | 17 | 20 | 6 | 15 | 14 | 18 | 20 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 22 | 11 | – | – | 40 | 22 | 25 | 11 | – | 8 | 52 | 14 | 14 | 25 | – | 17%a |
Number of items with face validity issues/Total test items.
Total Face validity issues/Total items (i.e., 71/417). Total A-EQ: Addiction-Engagement Questionnaire; AICA-Sgaming: Assessment of Internet and Computer Addiction Scale-Gaming; BAM-VG: Behavioral Addiction Measure for Video Gaming (Sanders and Williams, 2016); CSAS: Video Game Dependency Scale; C-VAT 2.0; Clinical – Video Game Addiction Test 2.0; DIA: Diagnostic Interview for Internet Addiction; GAIT: Game Addiction Identification Test; GAIA: Game Addiction Inventory for Adults; GAS-7: Game Addiction Scale-7 items; GAS-21: Game Addiction Scale-21 items; IGD-20: Internet Gaming Disorder-20 Test; IGDS9-SF: Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-9 Short Form; IGDT-10; Internet Gaming Disorder Test-10 items; IGUESS: Internet Game Use-Elicited Symptom Screen; Lemmens IGD-9: Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-9 items; Lemmens IGD-27: Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-27 items; Petry IGD: Petry et al. consensus statement on IGD criteria; PIE-9: Personal Internet Gaming Disorder Evaluation-9 items (Pearcy et al., 2016); POGU: Problematic Online Game Use; POGQ: Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire; POGQ-SF: Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire-Short Form; PVP Scale: Problematic Video game Playing Scale; SCI-IGD: Structured Clinical Interview-Internet Gaming Disorder (Koo et al., 2017); sIATgaming: Short Internet Addiction Test-Gaming; VASC: Video Game Addiction Scale for Children; VAT: Video Game Addiction Test; CIUS-14: Compulsive Internet Use Scale-14 items; YIAT: Young Internet Addiction Test; YDQ: Young Diagnostic Questionnaire.