cAMP-PKA signaling mediates the effects of HB-EGF on estrogen secretion and GCs apoptosis. A, HB-EGF induced the accumulation of intracellular cAMP via EGFR. B and C, cAMP-PKA signaling mediated the effect of HB-EGF on estrogen secretion (N = 9) and CYP19A1 expression (N = 4). D, cAMP-PKA signaling mediated the effect of HB-EGF on GCs apoptosis. N = 3. E-G, Regulation of HB-EGF on the expression or activity of CASP3 and BAX was mediated by cAMP-PKA signaling. N = 3. * P < 0.05 versus control, # P < 0.05 versus rHB-EGF treatment, & P < 0.05 versus rHB-EGF plus PF299804 treatment.