Table 1.
Characteristics of samples from neurosurgery and association with risk factors.
| Total | None (n = 244) | Genuine Infection (n = 41) | p‐value | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
| OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | ||||
| Patients | n = 153 | n = 27 | |||||
| Age (yrs) | 49.9 ± 21.7 | 50.4 ± 23.8 | 0.756 | 1.002 (0.989–1.016) | 0.741 | 1.002 (0.985–1.019) | 0.819 |
| Sex (Male) | 81 (52.9%) | 17 (63.0%) | 0.230 | 1.60 (0.805–3.331) | 0.191 | 0.845 (0.334–2.133) | 0.720 |
| Risk factors | |||||||
| CNS Foreign Body | 52 (21.3%) | 17 (41.5%) | 0.009* | 2.615 (1.294–5.211) | 0.00653* | 3.311 (1.509–7.246) | 0.003* |
| Alcoholics | 25 (10.3%) | 10 (24.4%) | 0.018* | 2.826 (1.197–6.316) | 0.0135* | 3.422 (1.191–9.868) | 0.022* |
| Systemic cancer | 15 (6.1%) | 5 (12.2%) | 0.182 | 2.120 (0.657–5.857) | 0.169 | ||
| HTN | 88 (36.1%) | 16 (39.0%) | 0.728 | 1.135 (0.566–2.222) | 0.716 | ||
| DM | 32 (13.1%) | 6 (14.6%) | 0.804 | 1.136 (0.405–2.749) | 0.791 | ||
| Insulin | 5 (2.1%) | 0 | 1 | NA | |||
| Craniotomy | 87 (35.6%) | 11 (26.8%) | 0.293 | 0.662 (0.3040–1.350) | 0.273 | ||
| Diagnosis | |||||||
| Brain tumor | 80 (32.8%) | 12 (29.3%) | 0.721 | 0.848 (0.398–1.713) | 0.656 | ||
| EDH | 6 (2.5%) | 1 (2.4%) | 1 | 0.992 (0.052–6.018) | 0.994 | ||
| SDH | 25 (10.3%) | 3 (7.3%) | 0.778 | 0.692 (0.159–2.099) | 0.562 | ||
| SAH | 73 (29.9%) | 12 (29.3%) | 1 | 0.969 (0.454–1.963) | 0.933 | ||
| IPH | 57 (23.4%) | 8 (19.5%) | 0.690 | 0.795 (0.326–1.743) | 0.587 | ||
| IVH | 70 (28.7%) | 8 (19.5%) | 0.260 | 0.603 (0.249–1.310) | 0.226 | ||
| Vascular occlusion | 4 (1.6%) | 1 (2.4%) | 0.543 | 1.500 (0.076–10.463) | 0.72 | ||
| Aneurysm | 4 (1.6%) | 0 | 1 | NA | |||
| Congenital defect | 6 (2.5%) | 2 (4.9%) | 0.323 | 2.034 (0.291–9.198) | 0.395 | ||
| Hydrocephalus | 17 (7.0%) | 6 (14.6%) | 0.117 | 2.289 (0.783–5.936) | 0.103 | ||
| Shunt malfunction | 41 (16.8%) | 15 (36.6%) | 0.005* | 2.856 (1.370–5.818) | 0.0042* | ||
| Hemifacial spasm | 3 (1.2%) | 0 | 1 | NA | |||
| Other diagnosis | 2 (0.8%) | 0 | 1 | NA | |||
| Symptom or sign | |||||||
| postOP fever | 175 (71.7%) | 36 (87.8%) | 0.033* | 2.839 (1.163–8.524) | 0.0361* | 4.880 (1.815–16.091) | 0.004* |
| CSF leakage | 14 (5.7%) | 4 (9.8%) | 0.305 | 1.776 (0.483–5.269) | 0.334 | ||
| Wound problem | 25 (10.3%) | 2 (4.9%) | 0.392 | 0.449 (0.071–1.593) | 0.289 | ||
| Neurologic change | 21 (8.6%) | 8 (19.5%) | 0.047* | 2.574 (1.003–6.106) | 0.0379* | 2.618 (0.904–7.241) | 0.067 |
| Other reasons | 24 (9.8%) | 3 (7.3%) | 0.778 | 0.724 (0.166–2.204) | 0.612 | ||
CI, confidence interval, yrs., years, CNS, central nervous system, HTN, hypertension, DM, diabetes mellitus, EDH, epidural hemorrhage, SDH, subdural hemorrhage, SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage, IPH, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage, postOP, postoperative
*
p < 0.05.