Table 3.
Epidemiological variables, acute COVID-19 variables and inflammatory markers, stratifying by sex and post-COVID syndrome.
| Variables | Mild COVID-19 cases (n = 121) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women (n = 68) |
Men (n = 53) |
|||||
| Post-COVID syndrome (n = 25) | Non post-COVID syndrome (n = 43) | p* | Post-COVID syndrome (n = 11) | Non post-COVID syndrome (n = 42) | p* | |
| Personal antecedents | ||||||
| Age (years) | 47.2 ± 13 | 47.7 ± 17 | 0.90 | 45.7 ± 17 | 42.3 ± 17 | 0.56 |
| BMI (kg/m²) | 24.3 ± 3 | 25.1 ± 4 | 0.43 | 25.6 ± 4 | 26 ± 3 | 0.75 |
| Tobacco; n (%) | 7 (29.2) | 15 (36.6) | 0.54 | 4 (36.4) | 17 (41.5) | 0.76 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 0.17 ± 0.3 | 0.28 ± 0.5 | 0.29 | 0.27 ± 0.4 | 0.66 ± 1 | 0.27 |
| Acute COVID-19 | ||||||
| Number of symptoms | 7 [3] | 3 [5] | 0.0001 | 5 [4] | 4 [4] | 0.37 |
| Duration (days) | 14 [28] | 10 [12] | 0.37 | 10 [8] | 10 [10] | 0.78 |
| Cough; n (%) | 12 (50) | 20 (46.5) | 0.78 | 4 (36.4) | 20 (47.6) | 0.50 |
| Odynophagia; n (%) | 8 (33.3) | 15 (34.9) | 0.89 | 4 (36.4) | 12 (28.6) | 0.61 |
| Low-grade fever/fever; n (%) | 18 (75) | 23 (53.5) | 0.08 | 8 (72.7) | 24 (57.1) | 0.34 |
| Diarrhea; n (%) | 2 (8.3) | 9 (20.9) | 0.18 | 1 (9.1) | 6 (14.3) | 0.65 |
| Anosmia/ageusia; n (%) | 21 (87.5) | 18 (41.9) | 0.0001 | 7 (63.6) | 18 (42.9) | 0.21 |
| Fatigue; n (%) | 17 (70.8) | 20 (46.5) | 0.05 | 4 (36.4) | 12 (28.6) | 0.61 |
| Myalgia; n (%) | 16 (66.7) | 15 (34.9) | 0.012 | 7 (63.6) | 18 (42.9) | 0.21 |
| Headache; n (%) | 16 (66.7) | 12 (27.9) | 0.002 | 5 (45.5) | 18 (42.9) | 0.87 |
| Dyspnea; n (%) | 11 (45.8) | 3 (7) | 0.0001 | 1 (9.1) | 6 (14.3) | 0.65 |
| Chest pain; n (%) | 4 (16.7) | 1 (2.3) | 0.05 | – | 3 (7.1) | 0.36 |
| Rhinitis; n (%) | 9 (37.5) | 5 (11.6) | 0.013 | 2 (18.2) | 10 (23.8) | 0.69 |
| Inflammatory markers | ||||||
| CRp > 0.3 and < 1.0 mg/dL; n (%) | 4 (18.2) | 4 (11.4) | 0.47 | 3 (37.5) | 2 (5.7) | 0.037 |
| Neutrophil count (x10³/μL) | 2.85 ± 1 | 2.67 ± 0.9 | 0.50 | 4.07 ± 1.2 | 3.26 ± 1.1 | 0.057 |
| Lymphocyte count (x10³/μL) | 1.88 ± 0.8 | 1.65 ± 0.7 | 0.26 | 2.18 ± 0.5 | 1.92 ± 0.8 | 0.37 |
| Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio | 1.65 [0.9] | 1.45 [0.6] | 0.16 | 1.28 [2] | 1.70 [1] | 0.58 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 40 [86] | 47 [82] | 0.87 | 141 [134] | 117 [278] | 0.99 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (UI/L) | 177 [42] | 179 [36] | 0.66 | 172 [26] | 178 [58] | 0.84 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 417 [111] | 392 [83] | 0.59 | 345 [211] | 369 [93] | 0.69 |
| D-dimer (ng/mL) | 323 [314] | 310 [268] | 0.70 | 149 [602] | 218 [157] | 0.69 |
| C1 index (+); n (%) | 17 (70.8) | 15 (38.5) | 0.013 | 9 (81.8) | 26 (68.4) | 0.38 |
| C2 index (+); n (%) | 11 (50) | 12 (32.4) | 0.18 | 5 (62.5) | 7 (21.2) | 0.021 |
| C3 index (+); n (%) | 17 (73.9) | 16 (43.2) | 0.020 | 9 (90) | 24 (63.2) | 0.10 |
| C4 index (+); n (%) | 17 (73.9) | 18 (47.4) | 0.042 | 5 (55.6) | 16 (44.4) | 0.55 |
| C5 index (+); n (%) | 8 (36.4) | 11 (31.4) | 0.70 | 8 (80) | 14 (37.8) | 0.030 |
Quantitative variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median [interquartile range].
p*: Chi-Square for categorical variables. Student´s t test (contrast between means) or median test (contrast between medians) for continuous variables.
Abbreviation. BMI, Body Mass Index.