. 2022 Mar 21;22:148. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03202-8

Table 6.

Multivariable regression analysis of association of variables with under-five acute diarrhea among CLTSH-implementing, non-implementing kebeles and pooled estimate in Menz Gera Midir District, North Shoa Zone Amhara Region, Ethiopia, February and March 2020

Variable	Category	Model 1: CLTSH-implemented				Model 2: Non-CLTHS-implemented				Model 3 (Pooled analysis)
		Acute diarrhea		AOR	P-value	Acute diarrhea		AOR	P-value	Acute diarrhea		AOR	P-value
		No	Yes	AOR	P-value	No	Yes	AOR	P-value	No	Yes	AOR	P-value
Relation to child	Caregiver	31	6	2.28(0.64–8.09)	0.200	88	24	1.47(0.81–2.68)	0.200	119	30	1.42(0.84–2.41)	0.180
Relation to child	Mother	164	17	Ref		268	56	Ref		432	73	Ref
Mother’s education	Illiterate	31	5	1.65(0.30–9.00)	0.560	55	16	0.87(0.38–1.98)	0.740	86	21	-
	Read & write	7	2	2.29(0.21–24.01)	0.480	14	1	0.22(0.02–1.94)	0.170	21	3	-
	Primary school	94	10	0.83(0.22–3.09)	0.790	211	41	0.60(0.31–1.15)	0.130	305	51	-
	Secondary or above	63	6	Ref		76	22	Ref		139	28	-
Household size (persons)	> 5	61	10	1.78(0.69–4.63)	0.230	127	24	0.51(0.27–0.94)		188	34	-
Household size (persons)	1–5	134	13	Ref		229	56	Ref		363	69	-
Sex of child	Female	110	10	1.12(0.33–3.75)	0.850	181	33	0.67(0.39–1.14)	0.140	291	43	0.64(0.40–1.01)	0.060
Sex of child	Male	85	13	Ref		175	47	Ref		260	60	Ref
Age of child (months)	6–11	20	3	5.32(0.69–40.93)	0.100	39	9	-		59	12	-
	12–23	37	7	2.38(0.44–12.87)	0.310	76	16	-		113	23	-
	24–35	47	4	1.31(0.22–7.60)	0.750	93	21	-		140	25	-
	36–47	44	6	4.84(0.85–27.46)	0.070	70	15	-		114	21	-
	48–59	47	3	Ref		78	19	-		125	22
Number of under-five children per household	Two or more	18	4	2.23(0.44–11.22)	0.320	56	17	1.65(0.83–3.24)	0.140	74	21	1.69(0.93–3.08)	0.080
Number of under-five children per household	One	177	19	Ref		300	63	Ref		477	82	Ref
Monthly household income ($, USD)	< 15	152	17	0.39(0.09–1.74)	0.220	285	56	0.53(0.18–1.52)	0.230	437	73	0.46(0.20–1.04)	0.060
	15–22.7	26	2	0.21(0.02–1.92)	0.160	51	17	0.95(0.29–3.09)	0.930	77	19	0.60(0.23–1.56)	0.300
	> 22.7	17	4	1		20	7	1		37	11	1
Source of drinking water	Unimproved	60	10	1.98(0.75–5.22)	0.160	96	45	2.81(1.65–4.78)	< 0.001	156	55	2.56(1.62–4.05)	< 0.001
Source of drinking water	Improved	135	13			260	35	Ref		395	48	Ref
Walking distance to water source (minutes)	> 30	128	20	3.31(0.91–12.07)	0.060	279	58	-		407	78	-
Walking distance to water source (minutes)	≤ 30	67	3	Ref		77	22	-		144	25	-
Latrine availability	No	26	1	0.26(0.03–2.28)	0.220	97	33	1.66(0.96–2.89)	0.069	123	34	1.71(0.43–1.20)	0.200
Latrine availability	Yes	169	22	Ref		259	47	Ref		428	69	Ref
Average daily water consumption per person (liters)	< 20	153	19	-	-	293	61	0.84(0.43–1.63))	0.610	446	80	-
Average daily water consumption per person (liters)	≥ 20	42	4	-	-	63	19	1		105	23	-
Child feces disposal	Outside latrine	50	10	1.85(0.64–5.27)	0.240	202	62	2.10(1.13–3.89)	0.010	252	72	2.20(1.34–3.60)	< 0.001
Child feces disposal	Inside latrine	145	13	Ref		154	18			299	31	Ref
Solid waste disposal	Improper	46	10	2.35(0.91–6.04)	0.070	144	51	1.95(1.12–3.38)	0.010	190	61	2.19(1.36–3.53)	< 0.001
Solid waste disposal	Proper	149	13	Ref		212	29	Ref		361	42	Ref
Liquid waste disposal	Improper	68	11	0.95(0.30–3.05)	0.940	120	40	1.13(0.60–2.12)	0.690	196	51	1.06(0.64–1.76)	0.810
Liquid waste disposal	Proper	127	12	Ref		228	40	Ref		355	52	Ref
Livestock kept in house	Yes	45	8	1.61(0.52–4.96)	0.400	71	15	-		116	23	-
Livestock kept in house	No	150	15	Ref		285	65	-		435	80	-
Currently breastfeeding	No	79	6	0.87(0.16–4.70)	0.870	132	24	0.78(0.43–1.42)	0.420	211	30	0.68(0.41–1.14)	0.14
Currently breastfeeding	Yes	116	17	Ref		224	56	Ref		340	73	Ref
Home water treatment	No	107	18	2.77(0.94–8.13)	0.060	237	66	2.33(1.21–4.49)	0.010	344	84	2.53(1.45–4.40)	0.001
Home water treatment	Yes	88	5	Ref	-	119	14	Ref		207	19	Ref
Water drawing method	Pouring	96	13	-	-	163	31	Ref	0.540	259	44	-
	Dipping	61	7	-	-	189	46	1.19(0.67–2.10)	0.750	250	53	-
	Both	38	3	-	-	4	3	4.29(0.75–24.40)		42	6
Handwashing at critical times per day	1–2	89	16	3.02(1.12–8.12)	0.020	142	52	2.57(1.49–4.42)	0.001	231	68	2.54(1.59–4.06)	< 0.001
Handwashing at critical times per day	3–5	106	7	Ref		214	28	Ref		320	35	Ref
Hand washing material	Only water	102	18	3.28(1.13–9.58)	0.020	157	42	1.20(0.68–2.10)	0.520	259	60	1.28(0.80–2.07)	0.290
Hand washing material	Water and soap/ash	93	5	Ref		199	38	Ref		292	43	Ref
Feces seen in compound	Yes	28	6	2.35(0.75–7.33)	0.140	133	36	0.86(0.48–1.56)	0.630	161	42	0.95(0.56–1.60)	0.860
Feces seen in compound	No	167	17	Ref		223	44	Ref		390	61	Ref
CLTSH status of kebele	Implemented									195	23	0.24(0.20–0.6)	< 0.001
CLTSH status of kebele	Non-implemented									356	80	Ref

Ref, reference category