Figure 5.

Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection by natural products in primary human airway cells. A) Primary human airway cells in air-liquid interface culture were treated with 1 in a final concentration of 0.1% DMSO and with 2–3 in a final concentration of 1 % DMSO. Compounds were added to the basal medium 1 h prior to infection. 1000 infectious units of SARS-CoV-2 was added to the apical surface of the cells. Total RNA was harvested at 0 h (input) and 48 h post-infection, replication was defined as the increase in viral RNA from 0 to 48 h relative to the corresponding DMSO sample. Averaged data from 2 independent experiments shown with standard error of the mean. B) Primary human airway cells in air-liquid interface culture were treated with 1 in a final concentration of 0.1% DMSO and added to the basal medium 1 h prior to transduction with 10,000 infectious units of an adenoviral vector containing a CMV-driven GFP. After 48 h, cells were imaged and number of GFP expressing cells was counted; number of transduced cells was expressed relative to the DMSO treated sample. Averaged data from two independent experiments shown with standard error of the mean. Similar results were observed at 2.8 μM of 1 (single independent experiment).