Table 2.
Intervention characteristics and effectiveness of MBIs in supporting self-regulation
| Author & Year | Characteristics | Effectiveness | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MBI | Duration of MBI | Frequency | Emotion Regulation | Behavioral Regulation | Cognitive Regulation | |
| Razza et al. (2015) | Modified Yoga Kids (Y + MBI) | 1 year | Daily | N/A | Yes | Yes |
| Flook et al. (2015) | Kindness Curriculum (SEL + MBI) | 12 weeks | Two 20–30 min lessons, weekly | Yes | N/A | Yes |
| Poehlmann-Tynan et al. (2016) |
Kindness Curriculum (SEL + MBI) |
12 weeks | Two 20–30 min lessons, weekly | N/A | Yes | Yes |
| Thierry et al. (2016) |
MindUP (SEL + MBI) |
2 years | 15-min weekly lessons; breathing practices throughout the day | No | N/A | Yes |
| Lemberger-Truelove et al. (2018) |
Combined SEL&MBI (SEL + MBI) |
8 weeks | 40-min intervention, 4 times a week | NA | Yes | No |
| Lim and Qu (2017) |
Yoga, meditation, awareness training (Y + MBI) |
15 min | Once | N/A | N/A | Yes |
| Wood et al. (2018) |
miniMind (MBA) |
6 weeks | Twelve 25-min sessions | N/A | N/A | Yes |
| Leyland et al. (2018) |
Sound in Space (MBA) |
3 min | Once | N/A | N/A | No |
| Moreno-Gómez and Cejudo (2019) |
MindKinder (SEL + MBI) |
6 months | Six 15-min lessons | N/A | Yes | Yes |
| Thierry et al. (2018) |
Settle your Glitter (SEL + MBI) |
9 months | Three daily core breathing practices, 18 lessons taught bi-weekly | N/A | N/A | Yes |
| Viglas and Perlman (2018) |
Mindful Schools (SEL + MBI) |
6 weeks | Three 20-min lessons weekly | N/A | Yes | Yes |
| Zelazo et al. (2018) | Mindfulness + reflection training (MBA) | 6 weeks | 30 daily lessons | N/A | N/A | Yes |
| Jackman et al. (2019) |
OpenMind (OM) (SEL + MBI) |
9 months | Seven daily practices, integrated in school day | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Janz et al. (2019) |
CalmSpace (MBA) |
9 months | Three core practices daily | No | Yes | Yes |
| Crooks et al (2020) |
MindUP (SEL + MBI) |
15 weeks | 15-min weekly lessons; Multiple daily breathing practices | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Kim et al. (2020) |
OM-Korea (SEL + MBI) |
2 years | Daily guided meditation & 9 mindfulness practices | Yes | N/A | N/A |
| Razza et al. (2020) |
YogaKids (Y + MBI) |
9 months | 6 times weekly | N/A | Yes | Yes |
| Li-Grining et al. (2021) |
Project CaLM (MBA) |
6 months | At least one daily practice for 1 to 5 min | N/A | Yes | Yes |
Y + MBI = Yoga based mindfulness intervention, SEL + MBI = MBI combined with social emotional learning, MBA = Mind Body Awareness focused MBI
Yes = effective, No = not effective, N/A = not measured