Skip to main content
. 2022 Mar 7;9:850223. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.850223

Table 2.

Association between visit-to-visit heart rate variability and composite cardiovascular outcomes in different models.

VVHRV Hazard ratio (95% CI) P-value
Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
CV in heart rate
T1 Ref. Ref. Ref.
T2 1.17 (0.93, 1.48)
P = 0.18
1.20 (0.95, 1.52)
P = 0.13
1.105 (0.91, 1.47)
P = 0.25
T3 2.09 (1.70, 2.59)
P < 0.001
2.09 (1.69, 2.58)
P < 0.001
2.09 (1.68, 2.59)
P < 0.001

Model 1 adjusted for none.

Model 2 adjusted for age, sex, race and treatment arms.

Model 3 adjusted for age, sex, race, treatment arms, baseline systolic BP, baseline heart rate, smoking status, eGFR, serum creatinine, urine albumin/creatinine ratio, fasting triglycerides, Framingham 10-y CVD risk score, prior CVD and prior CKD.