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. 2022 Mar 7;13:817596. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.817596

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Copyright © 2022 Yuan, Hu, Liu, Xie, Yang, Li, Zhang, Chen, Tang and Shen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Only 9 μM of DCL decreases the phosphorylation of MAPK in LPS/IFNγ-exposed RAW264.7 macrophages. RAW264.7 cells were treated with DCL (1, 3, and 9 μM), PD (PD98059, 5 μM), SB (SB208530, 5 μM), and SP (SP600125, 5 μM) for 2 h, and subsequently stimulated by LPS/IFNγ for additional 30 min. The phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and P38 were measured by western blotting. The densitometry analysis of p-ERK (A), p-JNK (C), and p-P38 (E), normalized against total ERK, JNK, and P38 proteins. Data are represented mean ± SEM, n = 3. ^# p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01, ^### p < 0.001, ^#### p < 0.0001 compared to CK group. ^* p < 0.05, ^** p < 0.01, ^*** p < 0.001, ^**** p < 0.0001 compared to LPS/IFNγ group.