Table 1.
Patient demographics and surgical characteristics for the study cohort, stratified by obesity status.
| Characteristic | Underweight/Normal BMI<25 N=353 (37.2%) |
Overweight 25≤BMI<30 N=300 (31.7%) |
Class I 30≤BMI<35 N=184 (19.4%) |
Class II 35≤BMI<40 N=84 (8.9%) |
Class III 40≥BMI N=27 (2.9%) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), Mean [SD] | 27.2 [8.5] | 28.9 [9.4] | 31.0 [10.3] | 32.1 [9.8] | 32.9 [10.0] | <0.001 |
| Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m2), Mean [SD] | 21.7 [1.9] | 26.7 [1.3] | 31.9 [1.4] | 36.7 [1.3] | 43.4 [3.3] | <0.001 |
| Race/Ethnicity, N (%) | 0.02 | |||||
| White | 243 (68.8) | 178 (59.3) | 110 (59.8) | 48 (57.1) | 15 (55.6) | |
| Black | 24 (6.8) | 32 (10.7) | 19 (10.3) | 12 (14.3) | 6 (22.2) | |
| Latinx | 44 (12.5) | 48 (16.0) | 34 (18.5) | 17 (20.2) | 6 (22.2) | |
| Other | 42 (11.9) | 42 (14.0) | 21 (11.4) | 7 (8.3) | 0 | |
| ASA Class, N (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| I | 165 (46.7) | 142 (47.3) | 41 (22.3) | 6 (7.1) | 0 | |
| II | 185 (52.4) | 156 (52.0) | 136 (73.9) | 71 (84.52) | 15 (55.6) | |
| III/IV | 3 (0.9) | 2 (0.7) | 7 (3.8) | 7 (8.3) | 12 (44.4) | |
| Former Tobacco Use, N (%) | 109 (30.9) | 97 (32.3) | 74 (40.2) | 34 (40.5) | 11 (40.7) | 0.13 |
| Preoperative Testosterone, N (%) | 247 (70.0) | 207 (69.0) | 134 (72.8) | 60 (71.4) | 22 (81.5) | 0.65 |
| Surgical Technique, N (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| Buttonhole | 21 (6.0) | 10 (3.3) | 4 (2.2) | 2 (2.4) | 0 | |
| Circumareolar/Periareolar | 36 (10.2) | 11 (3.7) | 3 (1.6) | 0 | 0 | |
| Double Incision | 279 (79.0) | 271 (90.3) | 177 (96.2) | 82 (97.6) | 27 (100) | |
| Keyhole | 17 (4.8) | 8 (2.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Average Tissue Removed (g), Mean [SD] | 258.7 [167.2] | 457.6 [255.4] | 707.3 [331.5] | 870.0 [372.2] | 1100.9 [447.4] | <0.001 |
| Drain Use, N (%) | 183 (51.8) | 155 (51.7) | 98 (53.3) | 51 (60.7) | 8 (29.6) | 0.09 |
Abbreviations: Body Mass Index (BMI), Standard Deviation (SD), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA).