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. 2022 Mar 7;13:829712. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.829712

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Copyright © 2022 Fan, Lin, Huang, Xia, Xu, Zhang and Pi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Different ways to enhance the antibacterial effect of the PDA nanosystem. (A) Specific antibody-enhanced targeting effects resulted in more effective bacterial killings in PDA nanosystem-mediated PTT. (B) Metal ions enhanced antibacterial effects in PDA nanosystem-mediated PTT; taking the PDA and glycol chitosan-coated gold nanorods (GCS-PDA@GNRs) as an example, the loading of silver ions into the nanosystem significantly enhanced the antibacterial efficiency (Liu et al., 2018). (C) ROS inductions to enhance the antibacterial effects of PDA nanosystem-mediated PTT, taking the phototherapeutic nanoplatform AI-MPDA composed of L-arginine (L-Arg), indocyanine green (ICG), and mesoporous PDA as an example (Yuan et al., 2020).