Table 2.

Incidence rates of EMD in studies of patients with MM.

Reference	No. of patients	Time period covered	Diagnostic approach	Incidence
Montefusco et al. [26]	2322	2010–2018 (across all studies)	Skeletal survey, MRI, or CT; and/or physical examination	NDMM: 0.5%
Gagelmann et al. [28]	3744	2005–2014	NR	NDMM: 3.7%
Deng et al. [18]	834	1993–2013	X-ray, US, CT, physical examination; histologically confirmed where possible	NDMM: 4.8% RRMM: 3.4%
Weinstock et al. [29]	663	2005–2011	Pathological or radiological evidence of EMD at any time following the initial diagnosis of MM	RRMM: 8.3%
Pour et al. [23]	226	2005–2008	US, CT, or MRI	RRMM: 14%
Rasche et al. [21]	357	2007–2010	Cytology, biopsy of clinical/radiological lesions	RRMM: 6.7%
Short et al. [30]	174	2007–2011	PET/CT, MRI	NDMM: 1.7% RRMM: 7.5%

CT computed tomography, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, NR not reported, PET positron emission tomography, US ultrasound.