FIG 3.

Characterization of the THF-degrading gene cluster in C. metallidurans ZM02 and the proposed THF degradation pathway in reported THF-degrading strains. (A) Putative THF hydroxylase gene cluster (dmpKLMNOP) in strain ZM02. The numbers on the left and right ends indicate locations in the chromosome. The nucleotide sequence length of each gene is listed below that gene. (B) The THF degradation pathway is proposed based on the pathway originally suggested by Skinner (16) but supplemented with genes involved in THF degradation. THF hydroxylase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase were encoded by dmpKLMNOP, aldH, and sad, respectively. The red boxes with dotted lines represent metabolites identified during THF degradation by strain ZM02.