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. 2022 Mar 11;10:2500207. doi: 10.1109/JTEHM.2022.3159095

TABLE 1. System Comparison Between Proposed System and Other Systems.

Vein visualization device [7] Doppler ultrasound [26] SD-OCT 5000 [27] Proposed system
Sensing technique Near-infrared spectroscopy Ultrasound Optical coherence tomography Near infrared spectroscopy
Sensor type CCD camera Ultrasound Probe OCT probe Optical probe
Transmission mode – USB USB Bluetooth
System size (cm3) Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic
Wavelength of light source (nm) 785 – 840 700, 910
Analysis parameters 2-D image 2-D image 3-D image Hemoglobin parameters and optical density
System complexity Low High High Low
Applications Vein visualization Laparoscopy surgery Eye examination Laparoscopy surgery
Advantages Detail information of blood vessel image, easy operation, and lower cost Deeper measuring depth Higher-resolution image Multi-depths measurement, Good distinguishability of tissue types, easy operation, and lower cost
Limitations Lack of multi-depths measurement, and shallower measuring depth Low distinguishability of tissue type, influence of measuring angle and bone, requirement of experienced operator, and higher cost Low distinguishability of tissue type, shallower measuring depth, requirement of experienced operator, and higher cost Lower spatial resolution