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In alopecia areata, CD8 + T cells produce IFN-γ. IFN-γ signals through JAK (JAK1: JAK2) to promote the production of IL-15. IL-15 complexes with IL-15 receptor-α (chaperone). This complex binds to CD8+ T cells, signalling through JAK (JAK1: JAK3) to produce more IFN- γ. IL-15 shares the same receptor with IL-2 and IL-7. Baricitinib inhibits the activation of ATPase on JAK and blocks the signal transmission to cells through STATs.
