Walters 2009.
Methods | Dismantling RCT. | |
Participants | 279 heavy drinking college students. USA. | |
Interventions | (1) A single MI session without feedback (MIO, n=70), (2) a single MI session with feedback (MIF, n=73), (3) web feedback only (FBO, n=67), or (4) assessment only (AO, n=69). | |
Outcomes |
Physiological primary: None. Non‐physiological primary: Drinks per week, estimated peak BAC. Secondary: None. |
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Notes | ||
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | "Randomization, stratified by sex and heavy‐drinking frequency (i.e., one heavy episode in the past 2 weeks vs. more than one heavy episode), was completed automatically after the students entered their screening data." |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Insufficient information to permit judgement. |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Patients and providers | High risk | No blinding. |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Assessors | Unclear risk | It is not stated whether assessors were blinded. |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | 10% attrition at 3 months and 14% attrition at 6 months. Different across groups. No reasons. ITT not conducted. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | The published report included all expected outcomes based on the study hypotheses. |
Other bias | Unclear risk | The feedback format varied (i. e. online vs. face‐to‐face) and MIO and MIF conditions varied in contact time because of the feedback component. There were no differences between groups at baseline. |