White 2006.
Methods | RCT. | |
Participants | 222 mandated college students. USA. | |
Interventions | Brief motivational interview (n = 180) vs written feedback only (n = 168). | |
Outcomes |
Physiological primary: None. Non‐physiological primary: Past month alcohol frequency, number of occasions of heavy episodic drinking, number of drinks and number of hours of drinking each day in a typical week in the last month. Frequency of marijuana use in the past month. Secondary: None. Follow‐up at 3 months post‐intervention. |
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Notes | White 2007 is the same study with further recruitment (n=348). The follow‐ups were at 4 and 15 months. | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Randomly assigned by the flip of a coin. |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Low risk | Randomly assigned by the flip of a coin. |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Patients and providers | High risk | No blinding. |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Assessors | Unclear risk | It is not stated whether assessors were blinded. |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | 5% lost to follow‐up. Reasons not stated. Balanced. ITT not conducted. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | The published report included all expected outcomes based on the study hypotheses. |
Other bias | High risk | Only self‐report but included the Social Desirability Scale. Participants in the BMI group were in an earlier college year and had higher RAPI scores than participants in the written feedback group at baseline. |