Study	Reason for exclusion
Adamson 2001	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Allsop 1997	Group MI.
Anderson 1992	Intervention was not MI.
Aubrey 1998	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Baer 2001	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Baker 1993	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Baker 2001	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Baker 2002	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Baker 2002b	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Baker 2005	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Baker 2006	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Barrowclough 2000	No results reported. Ongoing study in 2000.
Barrowclough 2001	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention.
Becka 2004	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Beckham 2007	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Bellack 2006	Intervention was not MI.
Bernstein 2005	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Bethea 2006	Intervention was not MI.
Booth 1998	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Borsari 2000	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Borsari 2003	Intervention was not MI.
Brown 1993	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Brown 2007	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention. (Telephone and mail intervention).
Brown 2009	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Butler 2009	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Bux 2005	Intervention was not MI.
Ceperich 2002	No data reported.
Chapman 2009	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention.
Chavez 2003	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Clinton‐Sherrod 2008	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Corrigan 2005	Substance use was not an outcome.
D'Angelo 2005	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Daeppen 2007	Not MI
Daley 1998	Substance use was not an outcome.
Davidson 2007	Did not compare MI with alternative. Both conditions received MI.
Davis 2003	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Demmel 2003	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Dench 2000	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Dent 2008	Not fidelity check using video or audio. Main references to Miller and Rollnick are missing.
Dermen 2000	Not MI
Disney 2005	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Dunn 1997	Not a randomised controlled trial.
Dunn 2004	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Easton 2000	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Edwards 2006	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Fergusin 1998	Not MI.
Floyd 2007	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Gauthier‐Faille 2006	Not MI.
Gentilello 2001	Substance abuse was not an outcome (outcomes were injuries and traumas.)
Ginsburg 2001	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Godley 2010	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention. (Part of the intervention involved the family.)
Gogineni 2005	Not MI.
Goti 2010	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Gray 2005	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Gregory 2001	Not MI. Not substance abusers.
Gwadz 2008	Not MI.
Handmaker 1999	Not substance abusers.
Harper 2000	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Haug 2004	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Hayes 2007	Not substance abusers.
Heather 1996	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Hester 2005	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention.
Hickman 1999	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Hicks 1999	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Holder 2000	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Hulse 2003	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Johnson 2006	Intervention was not MI.
Juarez 2006	Not substance abusers.
Jungerman 2007	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Kanouse 2005	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Kidorf 2005	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Kidorf 2009	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Kinlock 2005	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Kuchipudi 1990	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Lachance 2004	Not MI.
Larimer 2001	Not substance abusers.
Longabaugh 2001	Not substance abusers.
Longabaugh 2009	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Lozano 2006	Intervention was not MI.
Magill 2009	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Mahmood 2002	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Marlatt 1998	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Martino 2000	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Mausbach 2007	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
McCambridge 2004	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
McDowell 2006	Intervention was not MI.
Mckee 2007	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
McNally 2005	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Michael 2006	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention.
Miller 2005	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Mitcheson 2007	Not MI.
Monti 1999	Not substance abusers.
Monti 2007	Not substance abusers.
Morgenstern 2007	Did not compare MI with alternative intervention.
Mullins 2004	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Murphy 2001	Does not compare MI with alternative intervention.
Murphy 2003	Not MI.
Murphy 2004	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Noonan 2001	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention (Group MI.)
Oliveira 2008	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Ondersma 2007	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention. (Computer‐delivered.)
Parsons 2007	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Patterson 2008	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Pavone 2002	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Rao 1999	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention.
Reid 2005	Not MI.
Rimmele 1998	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Samet 2005	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Sanchez 2001	Not MI.
Sanchez‐Craig 1996	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Santa Ana 2005	Not MI.
Santa Ana 2007	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention. (Group MI.)
Saunders 1995	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Schilling 2002	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Scott 2002	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Scott 2009	Not MI.
Sears 2006	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Sinha 2003	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Sitharthan 1999	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Sobell 2002	Not individual face to face intervention.
Soderstrom 2007	Not substance abusers.
Stein 2002a	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Stein 2006	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Stein 2006a	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Stephens 2000	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Stephens 2002	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Stockwell 1986	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Stotts 2004	Not MI.
Swanson 1999	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Tapert 2003	Not substance abusers.
Tevyaw 2007	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention.
Thevos 1998	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Thush 2007	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Tirado 2005	Not MI.
Vanderburg 2003	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Velasquez 2009	Not individual face‐to‐face intervention. (Both individual and group MI.)
Wain 2006	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Walters 2000	Intervention was not MI.
Walton 2010	Intervention is opportunistic one‐session MI in emergeny room.
Weinrieb 2005	Not MI.
Wells 1998	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Wells 2004	Not MI.
Wertz 1994	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Whitten 2006	Substance abuse was not an outcome.
Wilbourne 2005	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Woodall 2007	Not fidelity check using video or audio.
Woody 2001	Not MI.
Yonkers 2009	Not a randomized controlled trial.
Zahradnik 2009	Not acceptable drug (prescription drugs).
Zule 2009	Not fidelity check using video or audio.