TABLE 1.
Baseline information in phase Ⅰ
| Categories | Multicenters |
|---|---|
| Hospitalization records (N = 44,069) a | |
| Gender (male), n (%) | 28,214 (64.02) |
| Age, b median (IQR), years | 59 (50–67) |
| First clinical diagnosis, c n (%) | |
| Postoperation of tumor/liver transplantation | 16,784 (38.09) |
| Viral hepatitis | 1,753 (3.98) |
| Liver cirrhosis | 1,337 (3.03) |
| Space-occupying lesions/postoperative | 1,154 (2.62) |
| Abnormal liver function | 21,669 (49.17) |
| Drug-induced liver injury | 182 (0.41) |
| Autoimmune liver disease | 23 (0.05) |
| Alcoholic liver disease | 18 (0.04) |
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease | 437 (0.99) |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 51 (0.12) |
| Hepatic vascular diseases | 49 (0.11) |
| Nonneoplastic diseases of the biliary tract | 566 (1.28) |
| Others | 46 (0.10) |
| Basic chronic disease, n (%) | |
| Hypertension | 6,085 (13.81) |
| Diabetes | 3,348 (7.60) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 129 (0.29) |
| Surgery situation, n (%) | |
| Nonsurgery | 27,574 (62.57) |
| Surgery may affect liver function (ALT) | 10,459 (23.73) |
| No significant/unknown effect of surgery on liver function (ALT) | 6,036 (13.70) |
| Medication, n (%) | |
| PPC injection | 9,889 (22.44) |
| PPC injection + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 6,756 (15.33) |
| PPC injection + glutathione | 3,519 (7.99) |
| PPC injection + glutathione + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 2,318 (5.26) |
| PPC injection + glutathione + ademetionine | 1,305 (2.96) |
| PPC injection + acetylcysteine | 1,146 (2.60) |
| PPC injection + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + ademetionine + glutathione | 943 (2.14) |
| PPC injection + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + ademetionine + glutathione + acetylcysteine | 756 (1.72) |
| PPC injection + ademetionine | 733 (1.66) |
| PPC injection + compound glycyrrhizin | 730 (1.66) |
| PPC injection + glutathione + acetylcysteine | 694 (1.57) |
| PPC injection + glutathione + bicyclol | 500 (1.13) |
| PPC injection + ademetionine + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 498 (1.13) |
| PPC injection + glutathione + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + compound glycyrrhizin | 494 (1.12) |
| PPC injection + ademetionine + glutathione + acetylcysteine | 468 (1.06) |
| Others | 13,320 (30.24) |
| Total days of using PPC, median (IQR) | 6 (3–10) |
| Hospitalization days, median (IQR) | 9 (5–15) |
| Total treatment cost, median (IQR), CNY | 21,067 (11,893–42,763) |
a
Hospitalization records were recorded according to the time of admission, and the record of multiple hospitalizations of one patient is not reprocessed.
b
Age (years)= (admission date in the hospitalization record—date of birth in the patient’s information)/365.25.
c
The first clinical diagnosis was based on discharge diagnosis.
Abbreviations: Min, minimum; Max, maximum; IQR, interquartile range; PPC, polyene phosphatidyl choline; ALT, alanine transaminase; CNY, China yuan.