TABLE 4.
ALT change value and test results in different medication combinations.
| No | Medication combination | Sample size before PSM, N | Sample size after PSM, N | ALT recovery | ALT change | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | χ 2 Test (p value) | Median | Mann–Whitney U test (p value) | ||||
| The whole group | |||||||
| 1 | Glutathione | 3,300 | 2,823 | 411 (34.51%) | 0.4 (0.545) | 0 | 2,164,248.5 (0.045) |
| PPC | 1,595 | 1,591 | 276 (35.84%) | −1 | |||
| 2 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 3,188 | 2,299 | 383 (35.36%) | 0.03 (0.873) | 0 | 1,746,021.5 (0.756) |
| PPC | 1,595 | 1,528 | 259 (35.00%) | −1 | |||
| 3 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 3,188 | 1,828 | 358 (35.13%) | 0.5 (0.490) | −3 | 1,279,641.0 (0.000) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 1,331 | 1,296 | 269 (33.58%) | −7 | |||
| 4 | Glutathione | 3,300 | 2,222 | 340 (32.17%) | 0.1 (0.736) | −1 | 1,670,468.0 (0.852) |
| PPC + glutathione | 1,517 | 1,509 | 259 (32.91%) | −1 | |||
| 5 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 4,013 | 2,473 | 433 (29.60%) | 2.3 (0.128) | −5 | 1,716,065.5 (0.000) |
| PPC + glutathione | 1,517 | 1,503 | 257 (32.70%) | −1 | |||
| 6 | Glutathione + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 4,013 | 2,160 | 375 (30.89%) | 0.3 (0.598) | −2 | 1,067,183.0 (0.377) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 1,331 | 969 | 186 (32.12%) | −3 | |||
| 7 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 4,013 | 2,658 | 542 (32.30%) | 0.6 (0.447) | −2 | 1,447,937.0 (0.947) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 1,102 | 1,088 | 240 (33.90%) | −5 | |||
| Postoperation of tumor/liver transplantation group | |||||||
| 1 | Glutathione | 1,155 | 746 | 45 (21.74%) | 1.0 (0.312) | 5 | 250,536.5 (0.001) |
| PPC | 778 | 746 | 37 (17.79%) | 9 | |||
| 2 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 1,296 | 678 | 45 (22.73%) | 2.3 (0.126) | 5 | 210,321.5 (0.007) |
| PPC | 778 | 678 | 32 (16.58%) | 10 | |||
| 3 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 1,296 | 761 | 59 (22.52%) | 0.1 (0.811) | 4 | 213,449.0 (0.308) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 574 | 543 | 46 (23.47%) | 4 | |||
| 4 | Glutathione | 1,155 | 844 | 81 (22.88%) | 0.03 (0.873) | 1 | 348,908.0 (0.468) |
| PPC + glutathione | 874 | 844 | 80 (23.39%) | 2 | |||
| 5 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 1,821 | 1,415 | 153 (22.70%) | 0.1 (0.710) | −1 | 559,381.5 (0.000) |
| PPC + glutathione | 874 | 873 | 84 (23.73%) | 2 | |||
| 6 | Glutathione + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 1,821 | 1,189 | 96 (21.15%) | 0.3 (0.587) | 2 | 238,756.5 (0.012) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 574 | 437 | 31 (19.14%) | 6 | |||
| 7 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 1,821 | 1,300 | 140 (23.06%) | 1.3 (0.257) | −1 | 321,130.5 (0.064) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 554 | 523 | 65 (26.75%) | 0 | |||
| Postoperation of nontumor/liver transplantation group | |||||||
| 1 | Glutathione | 2,145 | 1,260 | 300 (38.81%) | 1.3 (0.256) | −4 | 552,529.0 (0.002) |
| PPC | 817 | 813 | 233 (41.91%) | −12 | |||
| 2 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 1,892 | 1,208 | 302 (38.97%) | 1.2 (0.270) | −7 | 481,863.0 (0.120) |
| PPC | 817 | 766 | 219 (42.03%) | −11 | |||
| 3 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 1,892 | 1,000 | 292 (39.67%) | 1.6 (0.207) | −18 | 400,708.5 (0.000) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 757 | 720 | 210 (36.27%) | −28 | |||
| 4 | Glutathione | 2,145 | 1,291 | 304 (39.07%) | 0.02 (0.883) | −3 | 421,744.0 (0.020) |
| PPC + glutathione | 643 | 613 | 162 (39.51%) | −8 | |||
| 5 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 2,192 | 1,181 | 330 (38.19%) | 0.4 (0.541) | −11 | 370,871.0 (0.733) |
| PPC + glutathione | 643 | 622 | 171 (39.95%) | −10 | |||
| 6 | Glutathione + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 2,192 | 969 | 290 (37.91%) | 0.2 (0.635) | −9 | 284,621.5 (0.000) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 757 | 517 | 162 (39.32%) | −23 | |||
| 7 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 2,192 | 1,284 | 378 (36.10%) | 0.9 (0.336) | −3 | 366,547.5 (0.039) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 548 | 538 | 175 (38.72%) | −14 | |||
| Abnormal liver function group | |||||||
| 1 | Glutathione | 638 | 543 | 196 (40.41%) | 0.7 (0.388) | −21 | 114,423.5 (0.122) |
| PPC | 478 | 398 | 138 (37.50%) | −25 | |||
| 2 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 879 | 409 | 150 (39.58%) | 0.3 (0.575) | −31 | 78,373.0 (0.119) |
| PPC | 478 | 409 | 144 (37.60%) | −26 | |||
| 3 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 879 | 470 | 173 (39.14%) | 1.7 (0.192) | −34 | 118,865.0 (0.043) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 501 | 470 | 155 (34.91%) | −41 | |||
| 4 | Glutathione | 638 | 546 | 191 (39.22%) | 0.3 (0.597) | −18 | 100,221.5 (0.091) |
| PPC + glutathione | 376 | 344 | 112 (37.33%) | −26 | |||
| 5 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 1,195 | 730 | 245 (37.01%) | 0.2 (0.698) | −17 | 142,652.5 (0.021) |
| PPC + glutathione | 376 | 360 | 121 (38.29%) | −28 | |||
| 6 | Glutathione + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 1,195 | 511 | 168 (35.74%) | 0.1 (0.814) | −17 | 102,217.5 (0.000) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 501 | 348 | 117 (36.56%) | −34 | |||
| 7 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 1,195 | 800 | 261 (35.13%) | 0.6 (0.425) | 6 | 158,820.0 (0.006) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 372 | 361 | 111 (32.65%) | −15 | |||
| Viral hepatitis group | |||||||
| 1 | Glutathione | 797 | 638 | 51 (21.98%) | 0.2 (0.685) | 4 | 125,857.0 (0.011) |
| PPC | 435 | 434 | 26 (20.16%) | 7 | |||
| 2 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 927 | 577 | 28 (16.87%) | 0.3 (0.602) | 8 | 111,015.0 (0.725) |
| PPC | 435 | 390 | 22 (19.30%) | 8 | |||
| 3 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 927 | 421 | 29 (20.14%) | 0.4 (0.517) | 6 | 65,093.5 (0.030) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 294 | 282 | 27 (23.48%) | 2 | |||
| 4 | Glutathione | 797 | 487 | 38 (17.84%) | 0.7 (0.390) | 4 | 119,145.5 (0.898) |
| PPC + glutathione | 567 | 487 | 43 (21.18%) | 4 | |||
| 5 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 1,266 | 872 | 86 (21.39%) | 0.1 (0.756) | 2 | 240,491.5 (0.414) |
| PPC + glutathione | 567 | 566 | 53 (20.38%) | 3 | |||
| 6 | Glutathione + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 1,266 | 735 | 68 (22.90%) | 0.2 (0.639) | 3 | 93,569.5 (0.619) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 294 | 260 | 23 (20.72%) | 4 | |||
| 7 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 1,266 | 823 | 92 (23.29%) | 0.05 (0.830) | 2 | 129,848.5 (0.970) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 318 | 316 | 35 (22.44%) | 2 | |||
| Liver cirrhosis group | |||||||
| 1 | Glutathione | 486 | 314 | 18 (23.08%) | 0.7 (0.399) | 3 | 49,657.5 (0.874) |
| PPC | 323 | 314 | 13 (17.57%) | 2 | |||
| 2 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 590 | 265 | 25 (29.76%) | 1.8 (0.181) | 7 | 34,043.5 (0.544) |
| PPC | 323 | 265 | 14 (20.29) | 4 | |||
| 3 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 590 | 333 | 31 (28.97%) | 0.1 (0.815) | 7 | 46,345.0 (0.030) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 279 | 252 | 25 (27.47%) | 1 | |||
| 4 | Glutathione | 486 | 366 | 27 (20.45%) | 0.3 (0.609) | 2 | 69,325.5 (0.412) |
| PPC + glutathione | 463 | 366 | 32 (23.02%) | 2 | |||
| 5 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 896 | 683 | 67 (23.34%) | 0.1 (0.744) | 2 | 159,178.0 (0.798) |
| PPC + glutathione | 463 | 462 | 39 (22.03%) | 1 | |||
| 6 | Glutathione + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 896 | 589 | 54 (25.12%) | 0.02 (0.897) | 4 | 65,596.5 (0.863) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate | 279 | 221 | 20 (24.39%) | 3 | |||
| 7 | Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 896 | 608 | 66 (27.27%) | 0.03 (0.860) | 2 | 82,097.0 (0.366) |
| PPC + magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate + glutathione | 260 | 260 | 31 (28.18%) | 0 | |||
Notes: The data size of some medication combinations in the nontumor-abnormal liver function group was too small to be included in the analysis. ALT change indicates ALT level relative to baseline after treatment; ALT recovery indicates cases with abnormal ALT that changes to normal range (≤40 U/L) after treatment.
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; PSM, propensity score matching; PPC, polyene phosphatidyl choline.