Table 3.
The association between waist circumference (WC), WC range, and decline among global cognition and cognitive subdomains (SD per year).
| Variable | Global cognition estimate (SE), p-value | Memory estimate (SE), p-value | Orientation and attention estimate (SE), p-value | Visuospatial ability estimate (SE), p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.0027 (0.0015), 0.0757 |
0.0019 (0.0017), 0.2635 |
0.0021 (0.0017), 0.2017 |
0.0016 (0.0019), 0.3974 |
| Sex (male) | −0.0011 (0.0189), 0.9522 |
0.0071 (0.0213), 0.7408 |
0.0033 (0.0207), 0.8737 |
−0.0255 (0.0233), 0.2743 |
| Time | −0.0267 (0.0300), 0.3725 |
−0.0313 (0.0334), 0.3146 |
−0.0078 (0.0328), 0.8002 |
−0.0248 (0.0365), 0.5089 |
| WC | −0.0001 (0.0007), 0.8758 |
−0.0004 (0.0008), 0.5906 |
0.0002 (0.0008), 0.8049 |
0.0003 (0.0009), 0.7282 |
| WC range | −0.0001 (0.0006), 0.8879 |
−0.0005 (0.0009), 0.6132 |
0.0003 (0.0009), 0.7113 |
−0.0002 (0.0009), 0.8324 |
| WC × time | 0.0019 (0.0006), 0.0037* |
0.0014 (0.0007), 0.0493* |
0.0014 (0.0007), 0.0480* |
0.0009 (0.0007), 0.2491 |
| WC range × time | 0.0016 (0.0020), 0.4319 |
0.0021 (0.0023), 0.3575 |
0.0017 (0.0022), 0.4566 |
−0.0030 (0.0025), 0.2345 |
| Sex × WC × time | 0.0001(0.0001), 0.9931 |
<0.0001 (0.0001), 0.9740 |
−0.0001 (<0.0001), 0.8888 |
−0.0001 (0.0001), 0.6106 |
| Sex × WC range × time | 0.0001(0.0003), 0.7094 |
0.0004 (0.0004), 0.2424 |
−0.0005 (0.0003), 0.1277 |
0.0005 (0.0003), 0.1804 |
Four separate mixed-effects models, each adjusted for age, education, smoking status, drinking status, sleep duration, chronic diseases, depression, and handgrip strength. WC, waist circumference; *p < 0.05.