Table 2.
TFs involved in seed maturation
| TF family | Involved TF | Function | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| B3 | ABI3, FUS3, LEC2 | Interact with each other; positively regulate the accumulation of seed storage reserves; embryonic fate; embryo maturation; seed dormancy; acquisition of desiccation tolerance | Braybrook et al. (2006), Braybrook and Harada (2008), Kagaya et al. (2005), Lepiniec et al. (2018), Nambara et al. (1995), To et al. (2006) |
| HSI2/VAL1, HSL1/VAL2, VAL3 | Repression of the LAFL network after germination | Chen et al. (2018), Suzuki et al. (2007), Tsukagoshi et al. (2007), Veerappan et al. (2012) | |
| ARF10, ARF16 | Activate ABI3 expression; seed dormancy | Liu et al. (2013), Tian et al. (2020) | |
| NF-YB | LEC1 | Embryonic fate; regulates storage protein and lipid accumulation; act as a molecular signal between endosperm and embryo; embryo maturation; desiccation tolerance | Jo et al. (2019), Lotan et al. (1998), Lepiniec et al. (2018), Song et al. (2021), Stone et al. (2008, 2001) |
| NF-YC | NF-YC2 | FA biosynthesis | Mendes et al. (2013), Yamamoto et al. (2009) |
| bZIP | bZIP10, bZIP25, bZIP53 | Cooperate with ABI3 in the regulation of SSP (At2S) gene expression | Alonso et al. (2009) Lara et al. (2003) |
| bZIP | bZIP67 | Form trimeric complex with LEC1 and L1L, and activates expression of CRUCIFERIN and FAD3; acts downstream of LEC1 to establish seed dormancy | Bryant and Hughes (2019), Mendes et al. (2013), Yamamoto et al. (2009) |
| AGAMOUS-like | AGL15 | Positive regulator of LEC2, ABI3 and FUS3 (seed maturation) | Chen et al. (2018) |
| AGL67 | Desiccation tolerance | González-Morales et al. (2016) | |
| AP2 | WRI1 | Regulates genes involved in FA biosynthesis; direct target of LAFL | Kong et al. (2019), Maeo et al. (2009) |
| ABI4 | Seed dormancy; ABA signalling pathway | Shu et al. (2013) | |
| R2R3 MYB | MYB89 | Repression of WRI1 and other essential genes involved in FA biosynthesis | Li et al. (2017) |
| TCP | TCP4 | Negatively affects WRI1-mediated FA biosynthesis | Kong et al. (2020) |
| bHLH | TT8 | Directly affects expression of LEC1, LEC2 and FUS3; down-regulates the expression of genes involved in FA biosynthesis | Chen et al. (2014) |
| MYC2, MYC3, MYC4 | Control accumulation of SSPs and their relative proportion | Gao et al. (2016) | |
| SPT, ICE, ZOU | Seed dormancy | Vaistij et al. (2013) MacGregor and Zhang (2019) | |
| E2F | E2FA, E2FB | Restrict premature accumulation of SSPs during early embryo development | Leviczky et al. (2019) |
| AP2/ERF | ERF12 | Negatively affects seed dormancy | Li et al. (2019) |
| PLATZ | PLATZ1, PLATZ2 | Desiccation tolerance | González-Morales et al. (2016) |
| WRKY | WRK41 | Seed dormancy | Ding et al. (2014) |