Fig. 3.

NP/mDs engaged in immunogenic chemotherapy in vitro. (a) Histogram analysis of in vitro cellular uptake of Rd-PO12 NPs and Rd-NP/mDs at 1 h. (b) CLSM images of CT26 cells after incubating with CN-NP/mDs for 8 h. N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) was used to consume intracellular sulfhydryl. The visualization of cells was achieved by Hoechst 33342 staining. Scale bar = 20 μm. (c) The cytotoxicity of CT26 cells after treatment with NP/mDs and each component for 72 h, n = 3. OXA had significant differences in EC₅₀ values with PO12 NPs and NP/mDs. (d) In vitro apoptosis of CT26 cells treated with NP/mDs and each component for 24 h, n = 3. (e) CRT translocation and Hsp70 exposure to outer plasma membrane of CT26 cells after incubating with NP/mDs and each component for 12 h. Scale bar = 50 μm. (f) HMGB1 release and (g) ATP secretion from CT26 cells after incubating with NP/mDs and each component for 24 h, n = 3. (h) The engulfment of ICD-induced TA from dying tumor cells by imDCs, n = 3. Data points in c, d, f, g, and h represent mean ± SD. Statistical significance was calculated by ANOVA with Tukey's test. n.s., not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.