Moderatel-lactate administration promoted adipose tissue thermogenesis in HFD-fed mice. The 6-week-old male mice were divided into four groups, including LS, LL, HS, and HL groups. A, the body temperature. B–D, the mRNA levels of thermogenic genes in EAT (B), SAT (C), and BAT (D). E, immunoblots for UCP1 and the quantification of UCP1 to β-actin in EATs and SATs. Data are presented as mean ± SD of eight mice per group, one-way ANOVA with Mann–Whitney test; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗p < 0.001. BAT, brown adipose tissue; EAT, epididymal adipose tissue; HFD, high-fat diet; HL, HFD-lactate (i.p.); HS, HFD-saline (i.p.); LL, LFD-lactate (i.p.); LS, LFD-saline (i.p.); SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; UCP1, uncoupling protein 1.