Table 1.

FDA-approved prophylactic and therapeutic cancer vaccines.

Cancer vaccine	Strategy	Associated cancer	Name of the vaccine	Indication/study details
Prophylactic	Viral antigen-based vaccines	HPV-related anal, cervical, head and neck, penile, vulvar, and vaginal cancers	Cervarix	(1) Approved for use in females aged 9 through 25 years.
				(2) By intramuscular injection and consist of 3 doses (0.5 ml each) at 0, 1, and 6 months
			Gardasil	(1) HPV quadrivalent recombinant vaccine (types 6, 11, 16, and 18)
				(2) Approved for use in females and males aged 9 through 26 years
			Gardasil-9	(1) HPV-9 valent vaccine (recombinant)
				(2) Approved for use in females and males from 9 to 45 years of age
		HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma	Engerix-B	(1) Hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant)
				(1) Prevention against infection caused by all known subtypes of hepatitis B virus.
				(2) Administer intramuscularly two doses (0.5 ml each) separated by one month
			Recombivax HB	(1) Hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant)
				(2) Approved for use in adult predialysis and dialysis patients aged 18 years and older
			Heplisav-B	(1) Hepatitis B vaccine (recombinant), adjuvanted
				(2) Approved for use in adults aged 18 years and older
Therapeutic	Attenuated bacteria	Early stage bladder cancer	Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)	(1) For the treatment and prophylaxis of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the urinary bladder.
				(2) For the prophylaxis of primary or recurrent state Ta and/or T1 papillary tumors following transurethral resection
	Cell-based vaccines	Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer	Sipuleucel-T (Provenge)	(1) Autologous cellular immunotherapy
				(2) For asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic prostate cancer with metastases that are resistant to standard hormone treatment
				(3) Administered intravenously in a three-dose schedule at two-week intervals
	Oncolytic virotherapy	Advanced melanoma	Talimogene laherparepvec; T-VEC (IMLYGIC)	(1) Genetically modified HSV that expressed GM-CSF
				(2) Durable response rate (DRR) (16.3%) was shown in patients with unresected stage IIIB to stage IV melanoma administered with T-VEC when compared to GM-CSF (2.1%)