Table 1.

Literature review of primary spinal dumbbell-shaped MCS published from 1978 to 2019

Case report	Age	Sex	Location	Calcification	Dural attachment	Dural tail sign	Treatment	Outcome
Chan et al. 1984 [1]	10	F	T3–4 (ED)	–	+	N/A	TR/RT/CT	Alive, 18 months
Reif et al. 1987 [2]	3	M	L1–5 (I&ED)	–	+	N/A	RT/CT	Died, metastasis
Di et al. 1989 [3]	40	F	L5–S1 (ED)	–	+	N/A	TR/RT/CT	Alive, 5 years
Rushing et al. 1996 [4]	48	F	L5–S1 (ED)	–	+	N/A	GTR/RT	Died, metastasis
Bae et al. 2011 [5]	25	M	T7 (I&ED)	+ massive	N/A	–	TR/RT/CT	Alive, 2 years
lida et al. 2014 [6]	10	F	L4 (I&ED)	–	N/A	–	TR	Alive, 3 years
Chen et al. 2016 [7]	26	F	L3–5 (ED)	+ massive	+	–	TR/RT	Alive, recurrence
Current case	19	M	T12-L2(I&ED)	+ punctate	+	–	TR	Alive, 1 years

Age (years); CT Chemotherapy, ED Extradural, F Female, GTR Gross total resection, I&ED Intra- and extradural, M Male, N/A Limited information, RT Radiotherapy, TR Total resection