Table 1.

Role of starvation-induced MTOR inhibition in various cell types of the nervous system

cell type		Starvation	MTOR inhibition	common factors	cell type-specific factors
Neurons		Insensitive or mild activation [385]	Insensitive [370]	AMPK TFEB ULK1 PIK3C3/VPS34 BECN1 ATG5 ATG7 LC3 ATG12 ATG14 SQSTM1 VCP LAMP2 OPTN	PINK1, PRKN (axonal mitophagy) [24] KIF1A (synaptic autophagy) [22,25] HAP1, MAPK8IP1 (axonal transport) [23,26] SPHK1 (benzoxazine treatment) [11]
Glia	Astrocytes	Activates [404]	Activates [404]		SPHK1 (starvation induction) [11]
	Oligodendrocytes	Activates [450]	Activates [530]		MIR101 [12]
	Schwann cells	Activates [465]	Activates [467,468]		FIG4 [13] MIR195 [14,15]
Skeletal muscle		Activates [475]	Activates [482]		RUNX1 [474] MTM1 [17] MTMR14 [20] PPARGC1A [19] AKT, FOXO3 [16,18]