Table 1.
Environmental influencing factors.
| Category | Subcategory | Variable | Unit | Definition | Potential impact of hypothesis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Land use | Live | Residential density | % | Living area/total land area | Cause pollution and physical and mental stress |
| Industry | Distance from the nearest industry | m | Distance from the nearest industry | The closer you are to industry, the more pollution you get | |
| Business | Fast-food restaurant density | Pcs/ha | Number of fast-food restaurants in 500 m buffer zone/buffer zone area | Intake relatively high salt and oil | |
| Tobacco and liquor shop density | Pcs/ha | Number of tobacco and liquor stores in 500 m buffer zone/buffer zone area | Increase the risk of alcohol and smoking | ||
| Open the activity space | Distance from the nearest open space | m | Distance from the nearest open space | It is more convenient to exercise and relax | |
| Vegetation cover | Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) | — | NDVI in 2019 | Vegetation coverage can reduce air pollution, increase green vision rate, and delight body and mind | |
| Road transport | Traffic | Road network density | m/ha | Road length/total land area | Increase air and noise pollution |
| Road intersection | Road intersection density | Pcs/ha | Number of road intersections in 500 m buffer zone/buffer zone area | More air and noise pollution | |
| Bus stop | Bus stop density | Pcs/ha | Number of bus stops in 500 m buffer zone/buffer zone area | It is more convenient to travel and increase the amount of activities | |
| Spatial form | Building density | Building coverage | % | Total area of building basement/total area of land | High density reduces the wind speed, which increases the concentration of air pollutants and makes people depressed |
| Volume fraction | Volume fraction | — | Total construction area/total land area | High density reduces the wind speed, which increases the concentration of air pollutants and makes people depressed | |
| Natural environment | River | Distance from the nearest river | m | Distance from the nearest river | Adsorption of air particles by water body |
| Particulate matter (PM) | Mean PM2.5 | Ug/m3 | Average PM2.5 in 2019 | Increase air pollution | |
| Mean PM10 | Ug/m3 | Average PM10 in 2019 | Increase air pollution | ||
| (Ground) surface temperature | Mean surface temperature | °C | Surface temperature in January 2019 | Cold winter temperatures increase the risk of death |