TABLE 1.
Resistance phenotypes in Listeria spp.
| Resistance phenotypea | Country of originb (no. of strains) | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|
| L. monocytogenes | ||
| Humans | ||
| Cm Cl Gm Sm To | Greece | 46 |
| Cm Em Sm Tc-Mc | France (1) | 35 |
| Cm Em Tc-Mc | France (1) | 38 |
| Switzerland (1) | 21 | |
| Tc | UK (33) | 30, 36 |
| France (3) | 42 | |
| Sm | ND (1) | 44 |
| Italy (2) | 14 | |
| Switzerland (2) | 9 | |
| France (1) | 9 | |
| Em | UK (1) | 30 |
| Cp | France | 42 |
| Food and environment | ||
| Tp | France (1) | 9 |
| Tc-Mc | France (31) | 9 |
| Italy (5) | 9 | |
| Czechoslovakia (1) | 9 | |
| Km Sm Su | Italy (2) | 14 |
| Km Rif Sm Su | Italy (1) | 14 |
| Cm Em Km Rif Sm Su | Italy (1) | 14 |
| L. innocua (food and environment) | ||
| Tc | Canada (2) | 44 |
| Italy (1) | 14, 15 | |
| Spain (8) | 18 | |
| Tc-Mc | Italy (16) | 9 |
| Sweden (4) | 9 | |
| Spain (1) | 9 | |
| France (1) | 9 | |
| Em Tc | Italy (1) | 14, 15 |
| Sm Tc-Mc | Italy (1) | 9 |
| Em | Italy (1) | 14 |
| Sm Su | Italy (2) | 14 |
| Km Sm Su | Italy (1) | 14 |
| L. welshimeri (food) | ||
| Tc-Mc | Italy (2) | 9 |
a
Cm, chloramphenicol; Cl, clindamycin; Cp, ciprofloxacin; Em, erythromycin; Gm, gentamicin; Km, kanamycin; Mc, minocycline; Rif, rifampin; Sm, streptomycin; Su, sulfonamide; Tc, tetracycline; To, tobramycin; Tp, trimethoprim.
b
UK, United Kingdom; ND, non determined.