Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate analyses of the factors associated with the initial failure of needle-knife pre-cut sphincterotomy.

Variables		Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
		OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Age	> 70 years	1.107 (0.696–1.761)	0.667
	≤ 70 years	Referent
Sex	Female	0.930 (0.585–1.478)	0.757
	Male	Referent
Choledocholithiasis	Yes	1.147 (0.718–1.833)	0.567
	No	Referent
Malignant biliary stricture	Yes	1.006 (0.616–1.640)	0.982
	No	Referent
Benign biliary stricture	Yes	0.639 (0.212–1.926)	0.426
	No	Referent
CBD diameter	≤ 6 mm	0.874 (0.415–1.839)	0.723
	> 6 mm	Referent
Periampullary diverticulum	Yes	1.813 (1.061–3.098)	0.030	1.485 (0.784–2.815)	0.225
	No	Referent		Referent
Impacted stone in the ampulla of Vater	Yes	1.147 (0.718–1.833)	0.567
	No	Referent
Surgically altered anatomy	Yes	2.069 (0.993–4.311)	0.052	2.374 (1.020–5.526)	0.045
	No	Referent
Endoscopists	D + E	2.375 (1.267–4.453)	0.007	3.593 (1.746–7.394)	0.001
	B + C	1.317 (0.779–2.226)	0.303	1.556 (0.830–2.917)	0.168
	A	Referent		Referent
Bleeding during NKP	Yes	18.18 (8.559–38.62)	< 0.001	21.18 (9.614–46.68)	< 0.001
	No	Referent		Referent
P-duct stent before NKP	Yes	0.783 (0.347–1.768)	0.556
	No	Referent
Early pre-cut	Yes	0.832 (0.480–1.444)	0.514
	No	Referent

CBD common bile duct, NKP needle-knife pre-cut papillotomy, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, P-duct pancreatic duct.