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. 2022 Mar 23;12:4960. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09055-6

Table 5.

Total scores on the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients within groups and between groups at the end of the study (Mann–Whitney U test was used for testing each two groups. There were no significant differences between each two groups).

Group A Group B Group C p-value
Low-gluten (n = 7) Mid-gluten (n = 9) High-gluten (n = 9) GFD (n = 15) Unrestricted (n = 10)
Baseline End p-value* Baseline End p-value* Baseline End p-value* Baseline End p-value* Baseline End p-value*
36 ± 3.2 33.7 ± 3.6 0.03 39.6 ± 3.3 35.2 ± 2.1 0.02 36.7 ± 4.8 35.7 ± 5.3 0.11 38.6 ± 4.8 32.7 ± 3.6 0.005 35.9 ± 3.7 33.6 ± 3.6 0.06 0.29

*p-value for comparison within each group using the Wilcoxon-signed rank test.

p-value for between-groups comparison using the Kruskal–Wallis test.