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Comparison of the PP 5-PVDF separation performance with various membranes.
| Membrane | Emulsion concentration (ppm) | Separation efficiencies (%) | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Teflon membrane | 5000 to 50,000 | 86 | 58 |
| TA/DEDAPS-PVDF | 1000 | >96 | 59 |
| GO/PDA/MCEM | – | 96 | 60 |
| Acrylic acid grafted PVDF | – | 90 | 61 |
| EGCG-PVDF | 1000 | 94.3 | 62 |
| Ag/EGCG-PVDF | 1000 | 95.4 | 62 |
| PES/PDA@ZnFe2O4 membrane | 500 | 96 | 63 |
| Ceramic (α-Al2O3) membrane | 500 | 92.4 | 64 |
| Polysulfone membranes | 100 | > 90 | 65 |
| PVDF membranes | 10,000 | 77 | 66 |
| PP 5-PVDF | 1000 | > 97.5 | This work |
