Table 2.

List of flavonoids with antidepressant effect and their mechanism of action.

Flavonoids	Mechanism of action	References
Kaempferol	Inhibit monoamine oxidase	[245]
Chrysin		[144]
Quercetin, quercetrin		[93]
Catechin and epicatechin		[99]
Isoflavone formononetin		Zhu et al., 2008
Baicalin
Quercetin-3-O-apiosy1(1→2)-rhamnosy1(1→6) glucoside	Protect nerve cells	[147]
Rutin	Increase synthesis of noradrenaline or serotonin	Nöldner M, 2002
Apigenin	Inhibit monoamines	Nakazawaet al., 2003
Kaempferol	Decrease dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine	[146]
Isorhamnetin		[203]
Icariin	Improve abnormalities	[198]
Naringenin	Increase NA, GR and 5-HT levels in hippocampus	[290]
	Reduce serum corticosterone
Astilbin	ActivateBDNF signaling pathway	[161]
	Up-regulate monoaminergic neurotransmitters
Amentoflavone	Interact with 5-HT2 receptor and adrenoceptors	Ishola et al., 2012
	Ionotropic GABA receptor.
Hyperoside A	Increase expression of BDNF	[302]
Hesperidin	Interact with 5-HT receptor.	[247]
Luteolin	Increase potency of GABAA receptor ion channel complex	[60]
Nobiletin	Interact with the noradrenergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic systems.	[291]