Table 5.

Summary of anti-inflammatory structure-activity relationships of flavonoids.

Responsible structural	Mechanism of action	References
2,3-double bond	Inhibit phospholipase A2	[128]
2,3-double bond	Inhibit COX-1	[128]
3′,4′-OH groups	Inhibition of inflammation-related gene expression	[53]
4-(-C = O) group
2,3-double bond
5,7-OH groups
3-OH group	Inhibit lipoxygenase	[128]
2,3-double bond
3-isoprenyl residue	Inhibit COX-2	[128]
2,3-double bond
Galloyl moiety
5,7-OH groups	Anti-inflammatory action	[53]
3′,4′-OH or OCH3 groups
2,3-double bond