Fig. 4.

| Faecal bacterial community profile of captive chimpanzees infected with Giardia duodenalis detected by rapid antigen test. (A) Relative abundance of colour coded bacterial phyla separated based on presence (+) or absence (−) of Giardia using rapid antigen test (RAT). The sample identity is located at the bottom of the graph with two labels (C20, C3) shaded indicating samples that were found as Giardia positive by real-time PCR. (B) Alpha diversity based on observed OTU and Shannon's index plotted as box plot and evaluated using t-tests. (C) Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) 2D plot using first two principal components from Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix at the genus taxonomic levels. The clustering between Giardia positive (RAT+) and negative (RAT-) samples was tested using ANOSIM. (D) Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) used plot of significant factors discriminating G. duodenalis positive from negative sample. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)