Table 9.
Average cost estimate for glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy treatment. Costs are in 2018 USD purchasing power parity.
| Country | Reference | Cause | Treatment | Sample size | Year of cost data | Unit of Observation | Perspective of analysis | in 2018 USD ppp |
Quality appraisal score | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Direct costs |
Productivity Losses | Informal Care costs | |||||||||||
| Medical (1) | Non- medical (2) | Total (1) + (2) | |||||||||||
| Western Europe | |||||||||||||
| Finland | 126 | Glaucoma | All types a | 168 | 2006 | Patient | Health System | 1354 | – | – | – | – | 9 |
| 4 EU countries b |
61 | Glaucoma | Unspecified | 162 | 2005 | Patient | Health System and Societal |
1238 | 4034 | 5272 | – | – | 8 |
| High Income North America | |||||||||||||
| United States | 127 | Glaucoma | All types a | 81 | N.R | Patient | Payer | – | – | 1476; 2664 c | – | – | 8 |
| United States | 62 | Glaucoma | Surgical | N.R | 2013 | Episode | Health System | 8555 d; 6707; 10,949 |
– | – | – |
- |
10 |
| United States | 59 | Diabetic Retinopathy |
Anti-VEGF | 213 | 2018 | Episode | Health System | 40,825 e | – | – | – | – | 8 |
| United States | 128 | Diabetic Retinopathy |
Unspecified | 1441 | 2012 | Patient | Payer | 17,280 f | – | – | 2210 | – | 5.5 |
| Western sub-Saharan Africa | |||||||||||||
| Nigeria | 60 | Glaucoma | Surgical | 120 | 2006 | Patient | Patient and Governmental |
878 | – | – | – | – | 8 |
| Tropical Latin America | |||||||||||||
| Brazil | 129 | Glaucoma | Surgical | 227 | 2010 | Surgery | Health System | 351;415;448g | – | – | – | – | 7 |
USD – United States Dollars ($); ppp- purchasing power parity; EU – European; N.R – Not reported.
It includes surgical, laser and medical treatment available in the country.
France, Denmark, Germany and the United Kingdom.
Average cost for second year of treatment (lowest value) and first year of treatment (highest costs);.
Average cost of trabeculectomy treatment over 5 years ($8555 ppp), mean cost for medical treatment in the same time period was reported as$ 6707 ppp and for tube insertion as $10,949 ppp;.
Average cost for a 5 year period for patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and center involved diabetic macular edema treated with ranibizumab.
Average cost for diabetic retinopathy Non- drivers cohort. Commercial driver cohort data was not reported since it included exclusively persons for whom good vision is required to maintain employment.
Average direct costs of non-penetrating deep sclerectomy by glaucoma severity level: early / moderate/ severe.