Table 3.

Longitudinal associations of cognitive performance with SVD burden.

	Letter fluency		Semantic fluency		Short-term Memory		Verbal reasoning		Numerical reasoning
	Beta	95% CI	Beta	95% CI	Beta	95% CI	Beta	95% CI	Beta	95% CI
Main effect of SVD burden group
SVD 1 vs. 0	0.62	–0.12 to 1.35	0.17	–0.52 to 0.87	–0.10	–0.50 to 0.30	0.52	–0.24 to 1.27	0.22	–0.68 to 1.13
SVD 2 vs. 0	0.25	–0.58 to 1.09	–0.28	–1.06 to 0.50	–0.14	–0.60 to 0.31	0.71	–0.14 to 1.57	0.12	–0.90 to 1.14
SVD 3 vs. 0	0.18	–0.95 to 1.30	0.001	–1.06 to 1.06	–0.09	–0.71 to 0.53	1.12	–0.04 to 2.28	0.24	–1.15 to 1.63
Interaction SVD group and time
Time×SVD 1 vs. 0	–0.03	–0.07 to 0.01	0.002	–0.03 to 0.04	0.01	–0.02 to 0.03	–0.02	–0.05 to 0.02	0.01	–0.02 to 0.05
Time×SVD 2 vs. 0	–0.02	–0.07 to 0.02	0.04	–0.003 to 0.04	–0.002	–0.03 to 0.03	–0.02	–0.06 to 0.02	0.02	–0.02 to 0.06
Time×SVD 3 vs. 0	–0.07	–0.13 to –0.01a	–0.01	–0.06 to 0.05	0.01	–0.03 to 0.05	–0.05	–0.11 to –0.001a	–0.01	–0.06 to 0.05
Interaction SVD group and time2
Time2×SVD 1 vs. 0	–0.05	–0.27 to 0.18	–0.10	–0.30 to 0.10	–0.07	–0.21 to 0.08	–0.06	–0.25 to 0.14	0.03	–0.17 to 0.23
Time 2 ×SVD 2 vs. 0	–0.07	–0.32 to 0.19	–0.13	–0.36 to 0.10	–0.21	–0.37 to –0.04a	–0.16	–0.38 to 0.06	0.15	–0.08 to 0.38
Time 2 ×SVD 3 vs. 0	–0.30	–0.64 to 0.05	–0.09	–0.40 to 0.22	0.08	–0.15 to 0.30	–0.31	–0.60 to –0.01a	0.24	–0.07 to 0.55

Note: Results of linear mixed effect models with random effects for the intercept and slope (time, time²). Cognitive tests were assessed between Wave 5 (1997–1999) and approximately 16 ± SD years later at Wave 12 (2015-2016). All models were adjusted for age at baseline, sex, education, scanner model.

CI: confidence interval; SVD: cerebral small vessel disease.

^ap < 0.05.