Table 1. Patient and Surgeon Characteristics.
| Characteristic | Findingsa |
|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |
| No. of patients | 378 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 72 (7) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 206 (55) |
| Female | 172 (45) |
| Race and ethnicity | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 3 (1) |
| Asian | 10 (3) |
| Black or African American | 28 (7) |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 0 |
| White | 312 (83) |
| Missing | 10 (3) |
| Other | 15 (4) |
| Language spoken | |
| English | 364 (96) |
| Spanish | 13 (3) |
| Receipt of QPL intervention | |
| QPL intervention | 185 (49) |
| Usual care | 193 (51) |
| Family present at initial consultation | 299 (79) |
| Educational level | |
| Some college or less | 233 (62) |
| College degree or higher | 145 (38) |
| Insurance | |
| Medicare and Medicare plus supplemental | 250 (66) |
| Any Medicaid | 28 (7) |
| Private insurance | 97 (26) |
| Surgical indication | |
| Oncologic | 306 (81) |
| Vascular | 72 (19) |
| Final treatment decision | |
| No surgery planned | 40 (11) |
| May consider surgeryb | 107 (28) |
| Surgery planned | 231 (61) |
| Surgeon reluctance to operate | |
| No reluctance | 287 (76) |
| Surgeon expressed reluctance to operate | 91 (24) |
| Audio length, mean (SD), min | 23.7 (12) |
| Surgeon characteristics | |
| No. of surgeons | 43 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 46.1 (8) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 35 (81) |
| Female | 8 (19) |
| Race and ethnicity | |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 18 (42) |
| Black or African American | 1 (2) |
| Hispanic or Latino | 1 (2) |
| White | 22 (51) |
| Unknown or >1 race | 2 (5) |
| Time in practice, mean (SD), y | 20 (8) |
Abbreviation: QPL, question prompt list.
a
Data are presented as number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.
b
During group adjudication of the 5-domain Observing Patient Involvement in Decision-making scores, coders assessed the final treatment decision based on the content of the recorded consultation. The response “may consider surgery” was used to indicate consultations when surgery was discussed but not definitely planned (eg, awaiting additional workup or discussion with tumor board) or when surgery was being considered in the future.